Supported Metal Oxide Catalysts for CO₂ Fischer–Tropsch Conversion to Liquid Fuels─A Review

Abstract

The global increase of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) affects the balance of the atmosphere by contributing vastly to global warming. CO 2 hydrogenation is an attractive way to use CO 2 for value-added product generation. Direct CO 2 conversion to synthetic fuels or gasoline fuel, although challenging, is deemed effective in reducing CO 2 . The adsorption energy of CO 2 on the catalyst surface is the limiting factor; hence, the metal−support interaction is established as key in formulating a catalyst with superior performance. Typically iron oxide catalysts were commonly used as a Fischer−Tropsch catalyst, although the CO 2 conversion is relatively low. This review aims to highlight the importance of choosing the most suitable support with desired acidity and reduction capability for adequate interaction with catalyst active sites to enhance the activity and selectivity of the existing metal oxide catalyst. Support incorporation methods on the surface metal−support interaction are also scrutinized and accompanied by the reaction parameters for higher conversion, and reactor setup parameters that may have influenced the selectivity are analyzed.

Metal Oxides as Catalyst/Supporter for CO2 Capture and Conversion, Review

“…The CO 2 conversion process and conversion rate are greatly influenced by the catalyst, catalyst carrier, and integration strategies. Through the study of the influence of the carrier material, it is clear that the distance between the sites of the active metal oxide and carrier can be engineered to improve the interaction of the surface metal support by adapting the support integration method [68]. In this context, Bachar Alrafei et al studied the conversion of CO 2 to methane using Ni and (Ni-Co) catalysts supported on alumina in different ratios of nickel from 5% to 20 wt% and cobalt from 3% to 10 wt%.…”

Thermocatalytic CO2conversion by siliceous matter: a review

“…The support materials can be clas-sied as porous supports (e.g., MCM-41, SBA-15, and g-Al 2 O 3 ) and nonporous supports (e.g., CeO 2 , ZrO 2 , and TiO 2 ). 27,[139][140][141][142] In general, the majority of the encapsulated/supported nanocatalysts for the thermal conversion of CO 2 to C 1 products, including CO, CH 4 and methanol, obey a combined pathway of RWGS and CO hydrogenation or the formate pathway. The reactive intermediates, and hence the products selectivities, are collectively determined by the active sites, support material and reaction conditions.…”

Optimization of reaction parameters of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis in the presence of Co‐V/Al2O3 nano‐catalyst

“…Obviously, the proper establishment of heterogeneous reactor model, from which heat transfer data along with selectivity data can be generated in a quantitative fashion, is critical because FTS reaction system is highly complex. 7,14,15…”

“…To achieve an optimum yield for the whole process that the catalyst along with the reactor should be thoroughly optimized. Obviously, the proper establishment of heterogeneous reactor model, from which heat transfer data along with selectivity data can be generated in a quantitative fashion, is critical because FTS reaction system is highly complex 7,14,15 …”