Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysis: An Innovative Concept for Homogeneous Catalysis in Continuous Fixed‐Bed Reactors

Riisager, Anders; Fehrmann, Rasmus; Haumann, Marco; Wasserscheid, Peter

doi:10.1002/ejic.200500872

Cited by 343 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Research activities in academia and in industry are focusing on the synthesis and development of heterogeneous or heterogenized molecular hydroformylation catalysts that have proven to be inferior to the current state of the art in homogeneous catalysis [71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Other Succesful Examples Of Catalysis With Rh 2 Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Group Metal Phosphides as Efficient Catalysts in Hydroprocessing and Syngas-Related Catalysis

Rupflin

Boscagli²,

Schunk³

2018

Catalysts

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Platinum group metal phosphides are reviewed as catalytic materials for hydroprocessing and syngas-related catalysis. Starting from synthetic procedures leading to highly disperse nano-particular compounds, their properties in the applications are discussed and compared with relevant benchmarks, if available. Regarding their mode of action, two confronting mechanistic scenarios are presented: (i) a cooperative scenario in which catalytic sites of different functionalities are active in hydroprocessing and (ii) single site catalysis, which appears to be the relevant mode of action in syngas-related catalysis and which occurs over "frustrated" active sites.

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Section: Other Succesful Examples Of Catalysis With Rh 2 Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Group Metal Phosphides as Efficient Catalysts in Hydroprocessing and Syngas-Related Catalysis

Rupflin

Boscagli²,

Schunk³

2018

Catalysts

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“…57 In SILP, 54,[123][124][125] transition metal (TM) complexes are commonly employed as catalytically active species, with a thin IL film serving as solvent for both reactants and metal complex. An interesting situation arises when the ILs provide ligands themselves, with much higher concentrations than achieved in traditional molecular solvents.…”

Section: Liquid-liquid Reactions: Thermochromic Transformation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are particularly interested in applications in heterogeneous catalysis, where ILs have led to completely new catalyst concepts such as the Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) and Solid Catalyst with Ionic Liquid Layer (SCILL) technologies. [54][55][56][57][58] Both SILP and SCILL profit from the non-volatile IL character which allows for running reactions in gas streams without losing the liquid layer by evaporation. In the SILP system, an inert support material is coated with a very thin IL layer with the homogenously dissolved catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Chemical reactions in ionic liquids monitored through the gas (vacuum)/liquid interface

Maier

Niedermaier

Steinrück

2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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This perspective analyzes the potential of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions to follow chemical reactions in ionic liquids in situ. Traditionally, only reactions occurring on solid surfaces were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in situ. This was due to the high vapor pressures of common liquids or solvents, which are not compatible with the required UHV conditions. It was only recently realized that the situation is very different when studying reactions in Ionic Liquids (ILs), which have an inherently low vapor pressure, and first studies have been performed within the last years. Compared to classical spectroscopy techniques used to monitor chemical reactions, the advantage of XPS is that through the analysis of their core levels all relevant elements can be quantified and their chemical state can be analyzed under well-defined (ultraclean) conditions. In this perspective, we cover six very different reactions which occur in the IL, with the IL, or at an IL/support interface, demonstrating the outstanding potential of in situ XPS to gain insights into liquid phase reactions in the near-surface region.

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“…Some of the many applications of these fascinating solvents are separations, 1 pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for applications to liquid fuels, 2 catalysis using nanoparticles, 3,4 and electrochemical applications such as batteries and supercapacitors, 5 in addition to a variety of energy applications. 6 Modern ionic liquids (ILs) often have amphiphilic anions, cations, or both.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication: Unusual structure and transport in ionic liquid-hexane mixtures

Khatun

Castner

2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Ionic liquids having a sufficiently amphiphilic cation can dissolve large volume fractions of alkanes, leading to mixtures with intriguing properties on molecular length scales. The trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium cation paired with the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide anion provides an ionic liquid that can dissolve large mole fractions of hexane. We present experimental results on mixtures of n-C 6 D 14 with this ionic liquid. High-energy X-ray scattering studies reveal a persistence of the characteristic features of ionic liquid structure even for 80% dilution with n-C 6 D 14 . Nuclear magnetic resonance self-diffusion results reveal decidedly non-hydrodynamic behavior where the self-diffusion of the neutral, non-polar n-C 6 D 14 is on average a factor of 21 times faster than for the cation. Exploitation of the unique structural and transport properties of these mixtures may lead to new opportunities for designer solvents for enhanced chemical reactivity and interface science. C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysis: An Innovative Concept for Homogeneous Catalysis in Continuous Fixed‐Bed Reactors

Cited by 343 publications

References 51 publications

Platinum Group Metal Phosphides as Efficient Catalysts in Hydroprocessing and Syngas-Related Catalysis

Platinum Group Metal Phosphides as Efficient Catalysts in Hydroprocessing and Syngas-Related Catalysis

Perspective: Chemical reactions in ionic liquids monitored through the gas (vacuum)/liquid interface

Communication: Unusual structure and transport in ionic liquid-hexane mixtures

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