This work aims to assess the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) algorithms and semi-empirical models for surface soil moisture (SSM) retrieval by exploring the Sentinel-1 backscatter and interferometric coherence data. Firstly, three commonly used categories of ML algorithms are evaluated using data gathered from diverse rainfed and irrigated wheat fields located in Morocco and Tunisia. Specifically, these algorithms include: artificial neural network (ANN), deep neural network (DNN), three support vector regression (SVR) models (radial basis function (SVR rbf), linear (SVR linear) and polynomial (SVR quad) kernels) and two tree-based methods (Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost). The comparison between predicted and measured SSM showed that the best retrieval results were obtained using Sentinel-1 data at VV polarization with R ranging between 0.68 and 0.76 and RMSE of 0.05m 3 /m 3 and 0.06m 3 /m 3 . Secondly, to further assess their transferability, the ANN, SVR rbf and XGBoost that demonstrated the most favorable results from each category were evaluated and compared against the coupled Water Cloud and Oh models (WCM), using a second dataset collected over a drip-irrigated wheat field in Morocco. Overall, the best retrieval results were achieved by ANN and SVR rbf with R and RMSE of 0.81 and 0.034m 3 /m 3 , respectively. In addition, their performances were consistent with that of WCM which yielded R and RMSE values of 0.81 and 0.04m 3 /m 3 , respectively. Finally, due to its good compromise between retrieval accuracy of SSM, processing time and simplicity, SVR rbf was chosen to generate high-resolution SSM maps from Sentinel-1 data over irrigated wheat fields.