Support of Science-Based Decisions Concerning the Evaluation of the Toxicology of Mixtures: A New Beginning

Teuschler, Linda K.; Klaunig, James E.; Carney, Ed; Chambers, Janice E.; Conolly, Rory B.; Gennings, Chris; Giesy, John P.; Hertzberg, Richard C.; Klaassen, Curtis D.; Kodell, Ralph L.; Paustenbach, Dennis J.; Yang, Raymond S. H.

doi:10.1006/rtph.2002.1570

Cited by 71 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Up-to-date several types of models have been proposed for specific-interaction studies: isobolographic model, multifactorial analyses, fractionated factorial designs, effect/response-surface analysis, physiologically-based pharmacokinetics modeling, etc. 9,[11][12][13] However, all these methodologies have certain limitations, are commonly extremely costly in vivo studies and are sometimes difficult to interpret.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of Mixtures - Cd +PCBs Experimental Model

Buha¹,

Matović²

2016

Toxicol Forensic Med Open J

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Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of Mixtures - Cd +PCBs Experimental Model

Buha¹,

Matović²

2016

Toxicol Forensic Med Open J

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“…Postoje brojne mogućnosti statističke obrade podataka pri proceni interakcija između komponenata smeše koje podrazumevaju faktorsku analizu, doza -efekat analizu površine i statističke metode za testiranje odstupanja od aditivnosti (3,13). Statistički modeli za testiranje odstupanja od aditivnosti korisni su u detekciji i karakterizaciji interakcija između komponenata smeše, a baziraju se na osnovnom konceptu da interakcije između komponenata smeše dovode do promena u nagibu krive doza -odgovor jedne komponente u prisustvu druge (13).…”

Section: Različiti Pristupi I Ograničenja Pri Ispitivanju Toksičnostiunclassified

Basic principles of toxicological evaluation of mixtures

Buha¹,

Matović²

2015

Arh farmaciju

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Većina toksikoloških studija i evaluacija rizika odnose se na pojedinačne hemikalije. Međutim, u realnom okruženju izloženi smo istovremeno velikom broju hemikalija, što ukazuje da bi pri proceni izloženosti i rizika trebalo posmatrati smeše, a ne samo pojedinačne hemikalije. Ovaj pregledni rad o toksikologiji hemijskih smeša pokriva više stavki, od osnovnih koncepata i terminologije zajedničkog dejstva i interakcija hemikalija do različitih modela za ispitivanje toksičnosti smeša. Literaturni podaci ukazuju na činjenicu da izloženost smešama koje sadrže niske nivoe hemikalija, nivoe koji su niži od njihovih doza bez štetnog efekta (No observed adverse effect level -NOAEL) vrednosti, može rezultirati toksičnim odgovorom bez obzira da li komponente smeše imaju ili ne sličan način dejstva. Dati su i različiti pristupi i primeri koncepata i modela procene toksičnosti prioritetnih smeša iz realnog života, strategija i smernice, kao i dalji izazovi.Ključne reči: smeše, toksičnost, koncepti i modeli, interakcije komponenata

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“…cosmetics, pesticides, drugs, and biotechnology-derived products) and to multiple environmental chemicals in the atmosphere and in food (Gilbert et al, 2011;Groten et al, 1997;Kortenkamp et al, 2007;Teuschler et al, 2002). Because of this constant exposure, when conducting safety assessments one must take into consideration the effects of combined exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term oral combined exposure to environmental immunotoxic chemicals in mice

Nishino

Fukuyama

Kosaka

et al. 2013

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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People are constantly exposed to environmental chemicals through contact with the atmosphere or by ingestion of food. Therefore, when conducting safety assessments, the immunotoxic effects of combinations of chemicals in addition to toxicities produced by each chemical alone should be considered. The objective of the studies reported here were to demonstrate the combined effects of three well-known environmental immunotoxic chemicals -methoxychlor (MXC), an organochlorine compound; parathion (PARA), an organophosphate compound; and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an agricultural insecticide synergist -by using a short-term oral exposure method. Seven-week-old Balb/cAnN mice received daily oral exposure to either one or two of the environmental immunotoxic chemicals for 5 consecutive days. On Day 2, all mice in each group were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and their SRBC-specific IgM responses were analyzed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and plaque-forming cell assay. T-and B-cell counts in the mouse spleens were also assessed via surface antigen expression. Mice that received MXC þ PARA and PBO þ MXC treatment showed marked decreases in SRBC-specific IgM production and T-and B-cell counts compared with those in mice that received vehicle control or the corresponding individual test substance. This suggests that simultaneous exposure to multiple environmental chemicals increases the immunotoxic effects of the chemicals compared to individual exposure.

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Support of Science-Based Decisions Concerning the Evaluation of the Toxicology of Mixtures: A New Beginning

Cited by 71 publications

References 12 publications

Toxicology of Mixtures - Cd +PCBs Experimental Model

Toxicology of Mixtures - Cd +PCBs Experimental Model

Basic principles of toxicological evaluation of mixtures

Effects of short-term oral combined exposure to environmental immunotoxic chemicals in mice

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