Support for smoke-free policies in the Cyprus hospitality industry

Lazuras, Lambros; Savva, Christos S.; Talias, Μichael A.; Soteriades, Elpidoforos S.

doi:10.1007/s00038-015-0747-y

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…However, with the current stalemate in the Lebanese government and other competing priorities, alternative ways to increase public compliance without governmental enforcement are needed. One way could be through empowering non-smokers to be vocal about their rights for a smoke free environment 27 . Developing and testing possible alternate non-government based best practices will support implementation in the many countries of the developing world with weak governments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a indoor air ban and an advertising and sponsorship ban in Lebanon: a baseline cross-sectional study

Chaaya¹,

Nakkash²,

Rima³

et al. 2016

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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IntroductIon Although the majority of countries have ratified the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), few have comprehensive smoke-free laws and compliance is not always satisfactory. In 2011, Lebanon, which has among the highest smoking rates in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, passed a comprehensive tobacco control law (Law 174). This study aimed to assess compliance with Law 174 among smokers and non-smokers in Beirut (the capital), three months after the smoking ban in closed public places and on advertisement and promotion came into effect. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. Multi-stage cluster sampling identified 159 households, yielding 468 respondents aged 15-65 years of age. Data was collected face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. Weighted descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. results: Three months after the ban came into effect in 2011, all respondents knew about Law 174. Around half witnessed other people smoking in their workplace (44.2%), in restaurants/coffee shops (52.8%) and in public transportation (60.0%) during the past months. Less than 20% witnessed any tobacco promotion/advertisements, reflecting good compliance of the advertising sector. Overall, more than half the smokers continued smoking within the workplace/closed public places. conclusIons: This study provides information on compliance to the smoking and advertising ban in Beirut. The advertising sector's compliance would hopefully decrease the tobacco industry's influence on the public. Further studies aiming at understanding the underlying factors behind the lack of compliance to the indoor smoking ban and finding effective solutions, in a politically unstable country with weak regulations like Lebanon, are crucial and can serve as an example for similar developing countries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a indoor air ban and an advertising and sponsorship ban in Lebanon: a baseline cross-sectional study

Chaaya¹,

Nakkash²,

Rima³

et al. 2016

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The State of Norm-Based Antismoking Research: Conceptual Frameworks, Research Designs, and Implications for Interventions

Sheer

2021

Health Communication

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This synthesis review examined 189 qualified studies on norms and smoking in terms of conceptual frameworks, types of social norms, research designs, dependent variables, independent variables and covariates, and findings related to norms. Results show that 7.9% were experimental, and the remaining were cross-sectional. By far, the reasoned action approach (RAA) was the most-cited theory, but RAA was not used to guide experimental designs. The social norms approach, norm focus theory, social cognitive theory guided the intervention experiments. Harmful norms were more frequently examined than healthful norms. Pro-smoking norms positively predicted smoking intentions and behaviors, whereas antismoking norms positively predicted antismoking intentions and behaviors. The over-application of RAA in cross-sectional antismoking research has yielded repetitive findings. Norm-based experiments can adopt other theoretical perspectives to offer insights into antismoking interventions. The RAA constructs are still applicable and can be integrated into intervention designs.Social norms refer to implied or informal rules that guide individuals' behavior in groups and societies (Geertz, 1973). Volumes of research have examined the role of norms in harmful behavior and health interventions (Chung & Rimal, 2016), particularly in the areas of smoking and drinking (e.g., Mollen et al., 2010). Social norms have served as important predictors of smoking and smoking cessation (East et al., 2019;Mao et al., 2015). Interventions based on normative influences have been found to be effective for inducing behavioral changes, such as reduced drinking and drug use (Perkins, 2004). Although norm-related constructs (e.g., injunctive/ descriptive norms and peer pressure) are frequently applied in antismoking research, the selection of and methods for operationalizing these constructs have seldom been reported in the literature (Dolcini et al., 2013). Systematic reviews have yet to address the extent to which and how norm-related theories have been used to design antismoking research. To inform researchers and practitioners of the state of norm-based antismoking research, the current review systematically selected qualified studies, and synthesized and evaluated theoretical/conceptual frameworks of norms, types of social norms, research designs, dependent variables, and independent variables and covariates. Implications for antismoking interventions are discussed. Theories of normsAn initial search of norms examined in antismoking research yielded six oft-cited theories. These theories are overviewed, and norm constructs and intervention implications, when applicable, are explained. Reasoned action approachReasoned action approach (RAA) refers to the same conceptual framework in three versions: theory of reasoned action (TRA) (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975), theory of planned behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1985), and the integrative reasoned action model (Fishbein & Ajzen, 2010). The main thesis states that an individual's behavior is predicted by behavioral ...

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Support for smoke-free policies in the Cyprus hospitality industry

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Implementation of a indoor air ban and an advertising and sponsorship ban in Lebanon: a baseline cross-sectional study

Implementation of a indoor air ban and an advertising and sponsorship ban in Lebanon: a baseline cross-sectional study

The State of Norm-Based Antismoking Research: Conceptual Frameworks, Research Designs, and Implications for Interventions

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