Support for community pharmacy-based alcohol interventions: a Scottish general public survey

Fitzgerald, Niamh; Youngson, Elaine; Cunningham, Scott; Watson, Margaret; Stewart, Derek

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.005

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Study designs using questionnaires (n = 14, 41%), semi‐structured interviews (n = 8, 24%) and focus groups (n = 6, 18%) made up the vast proportion of studies. Three mixed‐methods studies involved the use of questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews, one combined observations and semi‐structured interviews .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patient and public perspectives of community pharmacies in the United Kingdom: A systematic review

Hindi

Schafheutle

Jacobs

2017

Health Expectations

129

121

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BackgroundThe United Kingdom has been at the forefront of enhancing pharmacist roles and community pharmacy services, particularly over the past decade. However, patient and public awareness of community pharmacy services has been limited.ObjectiveTo identify and synthesize the research literature pertaining to patient and public perspectives on: existing community pharmacy services, extended pharmacist roles and strategies to raise awareness of community pharmacy services.Search strategySystematic search of 8 electronic databases; hand searching of relevant journals, reference lists and conference proceedings.Inclusion criteria UK studies investigating patient or public views on community pharmacy services or pharmacist roles from 2005 to 2016.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted into a grid and subjected to narrative synthesis following thematic analysis.Main resultsFrom the 3260 unique papers identified, 30 studies were included. Manual searching identified 4 additional studies. Designs using questionnaires (n = 14, 41%), semi‐structured interviews (n = 8, 24%) and focus groups (n = 6, 18%) made up the greatest proportion of studies. Most of the studies (n = 28, 82%) were published from 2010 onwards and covered perceptions of specific community pharmacy services (n = 31). Using a critical appraisal checklist, the overall quality of studies was deemed acceptable. Findings were grouped into 2 main themes “public cognizance” and “attitudes towards services” each with 4 subthemes.Discussion and conclusionsPatients and the public appeared to view services as beneficial. Successful integration of extended pharmacy services requires pharmacists’ clinical skills to be recognized by patients and physicians. Future research should explore different approaches to increase awareness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining 2 studies were discrete choice experiments . Most of the studies (n = 28, 82%) were published from 2010 onwards . Seven studies related to pharmacist prescribing which, although not exclusive to community pharmacy, provides valuable insights into opinions of pharmacists’ extended roles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient and public perspectives of community pharmacies in the United Kingdom: A systematic review

Hindi

Schafheutle

Jacobs

2017

Health Expectations

129

121

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“…The effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions has been demonstrated in primary care settings [21, 62] and there is support for broader health promotion including alcohol screening in pharmacies [31, 32, 63]. We recommend that the focus should now be on maximising their impact, translation of research findings and practice implementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Making the invisible visible’ through alcohol screening and brief intervention in community pharmacies: an Australian feasibility study

2016

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BackgroundScreening and brief interventions (SBI) for alcohol related problems have been shown to be effective in health settings such as general practice or emergency departments. Recent data from the United Kingdom and New Zealand suggest that SBI can be delivered through community pharmacies, but this approach has not been tested in Australia. This study assesses the feasibility of delivering alcohol SBI via community pharmacists.MethodWe recruited five pharmacies and developed an SBI training package to be delivered by pharmacy staff, who screened consumers and delivered the brief intervention where appropriate. Consumers also completed a questionnaire on the process. At three months consumers were telephoned to enable ‘retention’ to be quantified. After completing recruitment, a semi-structured interview was conducted with pharmacists on the process of delivering the intervention, potential improvements and sustainability.ResultsFifty consumer participants were screened, ten from each pharmacy. There were 28 (57 %) men and 21 (43 %) women with one not responding. Most (67 %) were aged 25–55 years. Their AUDIT scores had a range of 0 to 39 (mean 10.9, SD 9.8) with 11 categorised as ‘hazardous (8–15)’, four as ‘harmful (16–19)’ and eight as ‘probably dependent (20+)’ consumers of alcohol. Reactions to the process of SBI were generally favourable: for example 75 % agreed that it was either appropriate or very appropriate being asked about their alcohol consumption. With respect to follow-up interviews, 23 (46 %) agreed that they could be contacted, including five from the highest AUDIT category. Subsequently 11 (48 %) were contactable at three months. Three of the five non-low risk drinkers had reduced their level of risk over the three months. Ten pharmacists participated in semi-structured telephone interviews. Overall these pharmacists were positive about the intervention and five main themes emerged from the interviews: 1) flexibility applied in recruitment of participants, 2) easiness in use of AUDIT score to facilitate discussions, 3) perceived positive intervention impact, 4) enhanced role of community pharmacists and 5) facilitators and challenges experienced.ConclusionsPharmacy-based SBI appears to be acceptable to consumers and feasible for pharmacy staff to deliver. Challenges remain in translating this potential into actual services.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3805-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…34 Furthermore, PVAS has proven to be immensely useful at the community pharmacy level even in less conventional settings involving alcohol and methadone treatments. 35,23 Clearly, PVAS has an immense role to play in the provision of pharmaceutical public health services helmed by pharmacists. 36,37,24 In the Malaysian context, although in-depth research into PVAS has been scarce, recent studies utilizing the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a theoretical model has been finalized and forthcoming.…”

Section: Discussion: Current Research and The Latest Findings For Malmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy Value Added Services: Early Begininings, Current Implementation, And Challenges From The Malaysian Experience

Tan¹,

Gan²

2016

IJPER

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Background:In a large natural experiment, Pharmacy Value Added Services (PVAS) was introduced by the Malaysian Pharmaceutical Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia to improve the delivery of pharmaceutical care to patients. PVAS in the Malaysian context and definition refers to a group of new innovative pharmacy services including Pharmacy Drive Through, Postal Medicine, Integrated Drug Dispensing System, and SMS and Collect. Despite the convenience and advantages of PVAS, patients' adoption rate is still low. Objectives: This article aims to discuss, explore, compare and report the beginnings, definitions, early implementations, types of services offered and the challenges faced by the implementers of these services to derive policy lessons, implications and recommendations. Methods: We utilize a comparative discussion to highlight the various PVAS globally in comparison with the Malaysian experience. A further literature review is used to explore, contrast and highlight the implementation as well as the challenges of PVAS adoption in Malaysia to derive policy lessons, implications and recommendations. Results: PVAS is still new in Malaysia and requires much more work to increase its reach to its intended audience. We suggest numerous methods to increase its adoption rate. Overall, we suggest that PVAS be a key focus for Malaysian community pharmacies so that pharmaceutical services in Malaysia can achieve parity with advanced countries.

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Support for community pharmacy-based alcohol interventions: a Scottish general public survey

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Patient and public perspectives of community pharmacies in the United Kingdom: A systematic review

Patient and public perspectives of community pharmacies in the United Kingdom: A systematic review

‘Making the invisible visible’ through alcohol screening and brief intervention in community pharmacies: an Australian feasibility study

Pharmacy Value Added Services: Early Begininings, Current Implementation, And Challenges From The Malaysian Experience

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