Supplementation of postbiotic RI11 improves antioxidant enzyme activity, upregulated gut barrier genes, and reduced cytokine, acute phase protein, and heat shock protein 70 gene expression levels in heat-stressed broilers

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the impacts of feeding different levels of postbiotic RI11 on antioxidant enzyme activity, physiological stress indicators, and cytokine and gut barrier gene expression in broilers under heat stress. A total of 252 male broilers Cobb 500 were allocated in cages in environmentally controlled chambers. All the broilers received the same basal diet from 1 to 21 d. On day 22, the broilers were weighed and grouped into 7 treatment groups and exhibited to cyclic high temperature at 36 ± 1°C for 3 h per day until the end of the experiment. From day 22 to 42, broilers were fed with one of the 7 following diets: negative control, basal diet (0.0% RI11) (NC group); positive control, NC diet + 0.02% (w/w) oxytetracycline ( OTC group); antioxidant control, NC diet + 0.02% (w/w) ascorbic acid. The other 4 other groups were as follows: NC diet + 0.2% cell-free supernatant (postbiotic RI11) (v/w), NC diet + 0.4% cell-free supernatant (postbiotic RI11) (v/w), NC diet + 0.6% cell-free supernatant (postbiotic RI11) (v/w), and NC diet + 0.8% cell-free supernatant (postbiotic RI11) (v/w). Supplementation of different levels (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8%) of postbiotic RI11 increased plasma glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione enzyme activity. Postbiotic RI11 groups particularly at levels of 0.4 and 0.6% upregulated the mRNA expression of IL-10 and downregulated the IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, heat shock protein 70, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein levels compared with the NC and OTC groups. Feeding postbiotic RI11, particularly at the level of 0.6%, upregulated ileum zonula occludens-1 and mucin 2 mRNA expressions. However, no difference was observed in ileum claudin 1, ceruloplasmin, IL-6, IL-2, and interferon expression, but downregulation of occludin expression was observed as compared with the NC group. Supplementation of postbiotic RI11 at different levels quadratically increased plasma glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione, IL-10, mucin 2, and zonula occludens-1 mRNA expression and reduced plasma IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression. The results suggested that postbiotics produced from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RI11 especially at the level of 0.6% (v/w) could be used as an alternative to antibiotics and natural sources of antioxidants in poultry feeding.

Comparative Studies of Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities, and Organic Acids Compositions of Postbiotics Produced by Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains Isolated From Malaysian Foods

“…In the in vitro study conducted by Chen et al (65), the fermentation of papaya juice by using L. plantarum produced higher antioxidant activities as compared to L. acidophilus. The in-feed supplementation of L. plantarum postbiotics has been documented to reduce the negative effect stimulated by hepatic injury in mice (66) and to improve glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in blood serum and ruminal fluid in post-weaning lamb (27), as well as to enhance the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), and GPX while reducing alpha-1acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP) and ceruloplasmin in broiler blood plasma (67). Therefore, L. plantarum postbiotic can be used as a promising natural source of antioxidants to reduce the effects of heat stress in animals.…”

Effects of bacterial organic selenium, selenium yeast and sodium selenite on antioxidant enzymes activity, serum biochemical parameters, and selenium concentration in Lohman brown-classic hens

“…Blood samples (10 ml) were taken from each hen's jugular vein and collected in BD Vacutainer® Plus Plastic Serum Tubes (Becton Dickinson, New Jersey, USA) during slaughtering. Blood samples were centrifuged at 3,000 x g at 4°C for 10 min, and the resultant supernatant (serum) was separated and stored at − 80°C for biochemical serum and antioxidant capacity analysis (Humam et al 2021). For the antioxidant activity assay, a portion of liver tissue was sliced and snapped frozen in liquid nitrogen before being stored at − 80°C.…”

Effects of Bacterial Organic Selenium, Selenium Yeast and Sodium Selenite on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Selenium Concentration in Lohman Brown-Classic Hens

“…Humam et al 2021). The standard curve was used to calculate the TAC activity in the serum and liver samples.…”

“…At the end of incubation time, 100 µL of detection reagent was mixed in each well and incubated for 10 min at room temperature. A microplate reader (Multiskan Go, Thermo Scienti c, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used to read the optical density of CAT at 570 nmHumam et al 2021). The CAT activity in the serum and liver samples was calculated using the standard curve.Eggs were collected, broken, and fractionated into albumen and yolk.…”

“…using a microplate reader (Multiskan Go, Thermo Scienti c, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA)Humam et al 2021). The standard curve was used to calculate the TAC activity in the serum and liver samples.…”