Supplementation of maternal omega-3 fatty acids to pregnancy induced hypertension Wistar rats improves IL10 and VEGF levels

Kemse, Nisha G.; Kale, Anvita; Joshi, Sadhana

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2015.11.003

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…However DHA-supplemented control rats did not have altered levels of NO in aortic segments. Additionally, in placental tissue derived from pregnancy-induced hypertensive rats with impaired vasodilator responses, n-3 PUFA supplementation led to an increase in eNOS levels [ 47 ]. Therefore, it is possible that the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on NO production can only be observed in conditions where NO bioavailability is compromised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the vasodilation effects of DHA and EPA, n-3 PUFAs (fish oils), in rat aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries

2018

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Background and purposeIncreasing evidence suggests that the omega-3 polyunsaturated acids (n-3 PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are beneficial to cardiovascular health, promoting relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation. Numerous studies have attempted to study these responses, but to date there has not been a systematic characterisation of both DHA and EPA mediated vasodilation in conduit and resistance arteries. Therefore, we aimed to fully characterise the n-3 PUFA-induced vasodilation pathways in rat aorta and mesenteric artery.MethodsWire myography was used to measure the vasomotor responses of freshly dissected rat mesenteric artery and aorta. Arteries were pre-constricted with U46619 and cumulative concentrations of either DHA or EPA (10 nM-30 μM) were added. The mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA relaxed arteries were investigated using inhibitors of vasodilator pathways, which include: nitric oxide synthase (NOS; L-NAME), cycloxygenase (COX; indomethacin), cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP450; clotrimazole); and calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa), SKCa (apamin), IKCa (TRAM-34) and BKCa (paxilline).ResultsBoth DHA- and EPA-induced relaxations were partially inhibited following endothelium removal in rat mesenteric arteries. Similarly, in aorta EPA-induced relaxation was partially suppressed due to endothelium removal. CYP450 also contributed to EPA-induced relaxation in mesenteric artery. Inhibition of IKCa partially attenuated DHA-induced relaxation in aorta and mesenteric artery along with EPA-induced relaxation in mesenteric artery. Furthermore, this inhibition of DHA- and EPA-induced relaxation was increased following the additional blockade of BKCa in these arteries.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of heterogeneity in the vasodilation mechanisms of DHA and EPA in different vascular beds. Our data also demonstrates that endothelium removal has little effect on relaxations produced by either PUFA. We demonstrate IKCa and BKCa are involved in DHA-induced relaxation in rat aorta and mesenteric artery; and EPA-induced relaxation in rat mesenteric artery only. CYP450 derived metabolites of EPA may also be involved in BKCa dependent relaxation. To our knowledge this is the first study indicating the involvement of IKCa in n-3 PUFA mediated relaxation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the vasodilation effects of DHA and EPA, n-3 PUFAs (fish oils), in rat aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries

2018

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“…PUFA -3 could alter the transcription of specific genes involved in inflammatory mediators (29). PUFA -3 may directly or indirectly trigger anti-inflammatory effects on the pattern of proinflammatory cytokines produced by different cell types at inflammatory sites.…”

Section: L128mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal omega-3 PUFA supplementation prevents hyperoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in the offspring

Zhong

Catheline

Houeijeh

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) affect 16-25% of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), contributing significantly to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA ω-3) can improve vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and inflammation under pathophysiological conditions. However, the effects of PUFA ω-3 supplementation in BPD-associated PH are unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of PUFA ω-3 on pulmonary vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response in a hyperoxia-induced rat model of PH. From embryonic day 15, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were supplemented daily with PUFA ω-3, PUFA ω-6, or normal saline (0.2 ml/day). After birth, pups were pooled, assigned as 12 per litter, randomly assigned to either air or continuous oxygen exposure (fraction of inspired oxygen = 85%) for 20 days, and then euthanized for pulmonary hemodynamic and morphometric analysis. We found that PUFA ω-3 supplementation improved survival, decreased right ventricular systolic pressure and RVH caused by hyperoxia, and significantly improved alveolarization, vascular remodeling, and vascular density. PUFA ω-3 supplementation produced a higher level of total ω-3 in lung tissue and breast milk and was found to reverse the reduced levels of VEGFA, VEGF receptor 2, angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1), endothelial TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and nitric oxide concentrations in lung tissue and the increased ANGPT2 levels in hyperoxia-exposed rats. The beneficial effects of PUFA ω-3 in improving lung injuries were also associated with an inhibition of leukocyte infiltration and reduced expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. These data indicate that maternal PUFA ω-3 supplementation strategies could effectively protect against infant PH induced by hyperoxia.

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“…Fish oil is used as a source of long-chain n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n − 3 LC-PUFA) by providing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20 5n − 3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 20 6n − 3) [10] and has been reported to restore antioxidant capacity because of the high content of EPA and DHA [11]. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory properties of DHA and EPA are well documented in vitro or in experimental animals, whereby they inhibit the production of proinflammatory eicosanoid (e.g., Prostaglandin E2, PGE2) and proinflammatory cytokine (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and inhibit the activity of NF-κB and MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) [12][13][14]; they stimulate the production of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) and antiinflammatory cytokines (e.g., [15,16]. Sow placenta is an integral component of inflammatory response during the gestation period as it actively produces a variety of cytokines and immunomodulatory hormones and is sensitive to the systematic oxidative status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Maternal Diet with Fish Oil on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Sow and New-Born Piglets

Luo

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Pregnancy is an oxidative stress and immune challenge for the mother. Fish oil is rich in EPA and DHA, which can partly inhibit aspects of inflammation and restore antioxidant capacity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of maternal diet with fish oil during the late gestation period on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in sows and their progenies. Twelve second-parity sows were allocated equally into two groups. Sows were fed either the soybean oil diet (SD) or soybean oil+fish oil diet (FD) during the gestation period. The plasma of sows, cord blood, and new-born piglets were collected. Full-term placentas and livers of new-born piglets were also sampled. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the plasma of sows on farrowing day were higher, and the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PGE2) in the plasma of sows on farrowing day and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the plasma of cord blood were lower in the FD group than those in the SD group (P<0.05). The FD downregulated the expression of SOD, IL-1β, IL-6, and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 1 (TAB1) mRNA but upregulated the expression of lipoxygenase enzyme 5 (ALOX5) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA in placentas (P<0.05). The FD downregulated the protein expression level of p-JNK/JNK in placentas (P<0.05). In the livers of new-born piglets, the FD upregulated the expression of ALOX5 (P<0.05) and G-protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) (P<0.05) mRNA. Our results suggest that the maternal diet with fish oil might alleviate oxidative stress in sows on farrowing day and modulate inflammatory response in full-term placentas by inhibiting the JNK signal pathway. Moreover, the maternal diet with fish oil might partly regulate the neonatal immune response of their progenies.

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Supplementation of maternal omega-3 fatty acids to pregnancy induced hypertension Wistar rats improves IL10 and VEGF levels

Cited by 29 publications

References 94 publications

Characterisation of the vasodilation effects of DHA and EPA, n-3 PUFAs (fish oils), in rat aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries

Characterisation of the vasodilation effects of DHA and EPA, n-3 PUFAs (fish oils), in rat aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries

Maternal omega-3 PUFA supplementation prevents hyperoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in the offspring

The Effect of Maternal Diet with Fish Oil on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Sow and New-Born Piglets

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