Supplementation of Acacia mearnsii tannins decreases methanogenesis and urinary nitrogen in forage-fed sheep

Carulla, Juan E; Kreuzer, Michael; Machmüller, Andrea; Heß, Hans

doi:10.1071/ar05022

Cited by 358 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the studies of Carulla et al (2005) and Grainger et al (2009), higher faecal N excretion and concomitantly lower urinary N excretion were observed without an effect on N retention. This was confirmed by the present study, in which the shift in N excretion was found in periods B2 and B3 for both experiments.…”

Section: A-cmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The authors suggested that the tannin dose administered was not high enough to decrease methane release. Carulla et al (2005) showed that methane release from lambs (25 kg BW) was reduced by up to 13% upon the addition of~2.9 g/kg BW 0.75 per day of an acacia extract (content of CT: 61.5 g/kg) to their diet. Methane release was measured on days 19 and 20 after starting supplementation; thus, it remains to be seen whether this effect can be retained over longer periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of long-term supplementation of chestnut and valonea extracts on methane release, digestibility and nitrogen excretion in sheep

Wischer

Greiling

Boguhn

et al. 2014

Animal

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The long-term effects of adding chestnut (CHE; Castanea sativa) and valonea (VAL; Quercus valonea) tannin-rich extracts to sheep feed were investigated. In Experiment 1, sheep (65 kg BW) were fed 842 g/day of a ryegrass-based hay. The control-treated animals (CON) received 464 g/day of concentrate, and tannin-treated animals received the same amount of concentrate additionally containing 20 g of the respective tannin-rich extract. Hay and concentrates were offered together in one meal. After the onset of treatment, methane release was measured in respiration chambers for 23.5-h intervals (nine times) in a 190-days period. Faeces and urine were collected three times (including once before the onset of the tannin treatment) to assess digestibility and urinary excretion of purine derivatives. Based on the results obtained from Experiment 1, a second experiment (Experiment 2) was initiated, in which the daily tannin dosage was almost doubled (from 0.9 (Experiment 1) to 1.7 g/kg BW 0.75 ). With the exception of the dosage and duration of the treatment (85 days), Experiment 2 followed the same design as Experiment 1, with the same measurements. In an attempt to compare in vitro and in vivo effects of tannin supplementation, the same substrates and tannin treatments were examined in the Hohenheim gas test. In vitro methane production was not significantly different between treatments. None of the tannin-rich extract doses induced a reduction in methane in the sheep experiments. On the 1st day of tannin feeding in both experiments, tannin inclusion tended to decrease methane release, but this trend disappeared by day 14 in both experiments. In balance period 3 of Experiment 1, lower dry matter and organic matter digestibility was noted for tannin treatments. The digestibility of CP, but not NDF or ADF, was reduced in both experiments. A significant shift in N excretion from urine to faeces was observed for both tannin-rich extracts in both experiments, particularly in Experiment 2. In balance period 2 of Experiment 2, an increased intake of metabolisable energy for VAL was observed. The urinary excretion of purine derivatives was not significantly different between treatments, indicating that microbial protein synthesis was equal for all treatments. Thus, we concluded that both tannin-rich extracts temporary affect processes in the rumen but did not alter methane release over a longer period.

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Section: A-cmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of long-term supplementation of chestnut and valonea extracts on methane release, digestibility and nitrogen excretion in sheep

Wischer

Greiling

Boguhn

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…Provided the confirmation of such effects in vivo, this could mean that such mixtures of high-quality and highphenolic forages could help to mitigate CH 4 without correspondingly extensively reducing ruminal nutrient utilisation. The mixtures would also prevent excessive degradation of protein into NH 3 . Whether or not non-additive effects of combining such plants can be recovered in vivo and on which compound interactions they mechanistically rely merits further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the binary combinations, such non-additive effects were found only for C. papaya together with S. mahagoni and for C. hirta together with E. aquea (P, 0·05). With regard to NH 3 -related variables, non-additive effects (negative deviation; P,0·01) of all mixtures of C. papaya combined with the other plants were observed for NH 3 and NH 3 -N:dietary N. The magnitude of the effects was considerable with deviations of mostly more than 2 20 %. No such effect was found with combinations of the high-phenolic plants, except for the mixture of S. mahagoni and E. aquea.…”

Section: Non-additive Effects Of Using Plant Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 93%

In vitroindications for favourable non-additive effects on ruminal methane mitigation between high-phenolic and high-quality forages

Jayanegara

Marquardt

Wina³

et al. 2012

Br J Nutr

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Feeding plants containing elevated levels of polyphenols may reduce ruminal CH 4 emissions, but at the expense of nutrient utilisation. There might, however, be non-additive effects when combining high-phenolic plants with well-digestible, high-nutrient feeds. To test whether non-additive effects exist, the leaves of Carica papaya (high in dietary quality, low in polyphenols), Clidemia hirta (high in hydrolysable tannins), Swietenia mahagoni (high in condensed tannins) and Eugenia aquea (high in non-tannin phenolics) were tested alone and in all possible mixtures (n 15 treatments). An amount of 200 mg DM of samples was incubated in vitro (24 h; 39 o C) with buffered rumen fluid using the Hohenheim gas test apparatus. After the incubation, total gas production, CH 4 concentration and fermentation profiles were determined. The levels of absolute CH 4 , and CH 4 :SCFA and CH 4 :total gas ratios were lower (P, 0·05) when incubating a combination of C. papaya and any high-phenolic plants (C. hirta, S. mahagoni and E. aquea) than when incubating C. papaya alone. Additionally, mixtures resulted in non-additive effects for all CH 4 -related parameters of the order of 2 -15 % deviation from the expected value (P,0·01). This means that, by combining these plants, CH 4 in relation to the fermentative capacity was lower than that predicted when assuming the linearity of the effects. Similar non-additive effects of combining C. papaya with the other plants were found for NH 3 concentrations but not for SCFA concentrations. In conclusion, using mixtures of high-quality plants and high-phenolic plants could be one approach to CH 4 mitigation; however, this awaits in vivo confirmation.Key words: Ruminants: Methanogenesis: Phenolic compounds: Forage Various investigations are currently under way to identify and test means for mitigating CH 4 emissions that originate from ruminants due to the activity of methanogenic archaea during feed fermentation (1) . As a product of fermentative digestion, CH 4 emission levels depend considerably on the quantity and composition of feeds consumed (2) . The potential of mitigating CH 4 emissions by the extracts of phenolic compounds, which are synthesised in the intermediary metabolism of plants, has been demonstrated experimentally (3 -5) . Also, the direct inclusion of plants containing phenolics in ruminant diets reduced CH 4 emissions compared with control diets, both in vitro (6) and in vivo (7,8) .A major drawback in implementing diets with doses of phenolics aimed at reducing CH 4 emissions is often a decline in the digestibility of the feed and therewith the productivity of the animals (9) , even at dosages where toxic side effects are excluded. As a consequence, there are often no or only small declines in CH 4 per unit of digested feed and, therefore, food produced. Analysing a larger dataset by principal components analysis illustrated that plants with high forage quality are arranged opposite to those with a high CH 4 -mitigating potential (10) . This indicates that achiev...

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“…Tannin supplements and tanniferous forages can be used for this purpose and have been shown to reduce urinary N as proportion of total N losses by 9.3% (Carulla et al, 2005) and 25% (Misselbrook et al, 2005a). Tannin use can also decrease N-release rate from manure, and thus affect manure-N availability for plant growth (Hristov et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mitigation Options For Manure Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

311

218

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Although livestock production accounts for a sizeable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous technical options have been identified to mitigate these emissions. In this review, a subset of these options, which have proven to be effective, are discussed. These include measures to reduce CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation by ruminants, the largest single emission source from the global livestock sector, and for reducing CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure. A unique feature of this review is the high level of attention given to interactions between mitigation options and productivity. Among the feed supplement options for lowering enteric emissions, dietary lipids, nitrates and ionophores are identified as the most effective. Forage quality, feed processing and precision feeding have the best prospects among the various available feed and feed management measures. With regard to manure, dietary measures that reduce the amount of N excreted (e.g. better matching of dietary protein to animal needs), shift N excretion from urine to faeces (e.g. tannin inclusion at low levels) and reduce the amount of fermentable organic matter excreted are recommended. Among the many 'end-of-pipe' measures available for manure management, approaches that capture and/or process CH 4 emissions during storage (e.g. anaerobic digestion, biofiltration, composting), as well as subsurface injection of manure, are among the most encouraging options flagged in this section of the review. The importance of a multiple gas perspective is critical when assessing mitigation potentials, because most of the options reviewed show strong interactions among sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The paper reviews current knowledge on potential pollution swapping, whereby the reduction of one GHG or emission source leads to unintended increases in another.

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Supplementation of Acacia mearnsii tannins decreases methanogenesis and urinary nitrogen in forage-fed sheep

Cited by 358 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of long-term supplementation of chestnut and valonea extracts on methane release, digestibility and nitrogen excretion in sheep

Effects of long-term supplementation of chestnut and valonea extracts on methane release, digestibility and nitrogen excretion in sheep

In vitroindications for favourable non-additive effects on ruminal methane mitigation between high-phenolic and high-quality forages

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

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