Supplemental Nicotinic Acid or Nicotinamide for Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract

In two experiments with multiparous Holstein cows, the effects of feeding supplemental nicotinic acid or nicotinamide on milk production and metabolite changes associated with early lactation were measured. In Experiment 1, 30 cows were assigned to three groups. The treatment groups received 6 g nicotinic acid or 6 g nicotinamide per head per day beginning 2 wk prepartum to 12 wk postpartum. Control group received no treatment. Cows receiving nicotinamide produced more milk (wk 9, 11, and 12) and had higher milk fat test (wk 1 and 4) than did controls. Concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood serum (wk 4) were lower for cows receiving nicotinic acid or nicotinamide. Serum glucose concentration (wk 4 to 6) was higher and FFA (wk 4) were lower for cows receiving nicotinamide than for controls. In Experiment 2 with six multiparous Holstein cows, the effects of feeding nicotinamide on metabolic changes associated before, during, and after a 48-h period without feed initiated at 4 wk postpartum were studied. The treatment groups received 12 g nicotinamide per head per day beginning 2 wk prepartum to 4 wk postpartum. The control group received no treatment. Supplementing nicotinamide to lactating cows had no effect on serum glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, or free fatty acids before, during, or after 48-h period without feed.

Effects of niacin supplementation (40 weeks) and two dietary levels of concentrate on performance, blood and fatty acid profiles of dairy cattle

“…This matches numerous investigations performed earlier with lower levels of niacin (Erickson et al, 1990;Martinez et al, 1991 andChristensen et al, 1996). However, when only the primiparous cows that received niacin were considered, increased milk yield could be found in early lactation, which agrees with other studies (Jaster & Ward, 1990;Young & Smith, 1994). Moreover, over the entire lactation period, niacin-supplemented primiparous cows showed enhanced milk production compared with unsupplemented primiparous cows.…”

“…Similarly, Schwab et al (2005) demonstrated increased milk yield and FCM in a metaanalysis. In agreement with Driver et al (1990), Jaster & Ward (1990) and Christensen et al (1992) who used quantities between 6 g/d and 12 g/d supplemental niacin, no effect was detected on milk fat content for niacin supplementation. In the present study niacin had no effect on milk fat content.…”

“…In agreement with Jaster & Ward (1990), Martinez et al (1991) and Erickson et al (1992), DMI was not affected by supplemental niacin. In Groups 60 + NA and 60−, in early lactation (up to the seventh week) DMI increased faster than in Groups 30 + NA and 30−.…”

Effects of dietary nitrogen levels and carbohydrate sources on apparent ruminal synthesis of some B vitamins in dairy cows

“…Even though they are required in small amounts, B vitamins play an essential role as they act as cofactors or coenzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (Combs, 2012). Several researchers have shown that B-vitamin supplements can improve milk yield, composition, and metabolic efficiency in highproducing dairy cows (Jaster and Ward, 1990;Girard and Matte, 1998;Shaver and Bal, 2000;Graulet et al, 2007). However, the response to these dietary supplements is highly variable and one of the major reasons is because the amounts of vitamins provided by the basal diet and the synthesis in the rumen are unknown.…”

Erken Laktasyon Süresince Sütçü İneklerde Niasin İlavesinin Metabolik Parametreler ve Lipoliz Üzerine Etkisi

“…Higher concentration of glucose in niacin group could be consequence of greater gluconeogenic activity, decrease removal of glucose or increased hepatic glucose production [7,[27][28][29] .…”