Supervolcano eruptions driven by melt buoyancy in large silicic magma chambers

Malfait, Wim J.; Seifert, R.; Petitgirard, Sylvain; Perrillat, Jean-Philippe; Mézouar, M.; Ota, Tsutomu; Nakamura, Eizo; Lerch, Philippe; Sanchez-Valle, Carmen

doi:10.1038/ngeo2042

Cited by 110 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…pyroclastic material (see Miller and Wark 2008 for overview), and are often interpreted to result from a unique set of circumstances that lead to the accumulation and mobilisation of large amounts of magma (Caricchi et al 2014;Malfait et al 2014). It is now widely regarded that significant volumes of partly molten crystal-rich mush are required to generate the huge volumes of melt(s) required for supereruptions Bergantz 2004, 2008;Hildreth 2004;Glazner et al 2004;Wilson et al 2006;Hildreth and Wilson 2007;Lipman 2007;Girard and Stix 2009;Wilson and Charlier 2009;Allan 2013;Lipman and Bachmann 2015).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fine-scale temporal recovery, reconstruction and evolution of a post-supereruption magmatic system

Barker

Wilson

Allan

et al. 2015

Contrib Mineral Petrol

214

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eruption of 25 rhyolitic units starting at ~12 ka. The dacites show strongly zoned minerals and wide variations in meltinclusion compositions, consistent with early magma mixing followed by periods of cooling and crystallisation at depths of >8 km, overlapping spatially with the inferred basal parts of the older Oruanui silicic mush system. The dacites reflect the first products of a new silicic system, as most of the Oruanui magmatic root zone was significantly modified in composition or effectively destroyed by influxes of hot mafic magmas following caldera collapse. The first rhyolites erupted between 12 and 10 ka formed through shallow (4-5 km depth) cooling and fractionation of melts from a source similar in composition to that generating the earlier dacites, with overlapping compositions for melt inclusions and crystal cores between the two magma types. For the successively younger rhyolite units, temporal changes in melt chemistry and mineral phase stability are observed, which reflect the development, stabilisation and maturation of a new, probably unitary, silicic mush system. This new mush system was closely linked to, and sometimes physically interacted with, underlying mafic melts of similar composition to those involved in the Oruanui supereruption. From the inferred depths of magma storage and geographical extent of vent sites, we consider that a large silicic mush system (>200 km 3 and possibly up to 1000 km 3 in volume) is now established at Taupo and is capable of feeding a new episode or cycle of volcanism at any stage in the future.

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Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fine-scale temporal recovery, reconstruction and evolution of a post-supereruption magmatic system

Barker

Wilson

Allan

et al. 2015

Contrib Mineral Petrol

214

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“…Compared to silicate melts (Fig. 2), molten CaCO 3 is less compressible than basalt (Sakamaki et al, 2006) especially at high P, but is only approximately 5 % less dense than hydrous rhyolite (Malfait et al, 2014), with a similar P-evolution (although the latter has only been investigated up to 4 GPa).…”

Section: Density Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2 Density of molten CaCO 3 from experiments (circles: this work, squares: Dobson et al, 1996) and theoretical calculations (Genge et al, 1995;Vuilleumier et al, 2014;Li et al, 2017), compared to the seismological PREM model (Dziewonski and Anderson, 1981), crystalline calcite V (Li et al, 2017), molten hydrous and dry rhyolite (Malfait et al, 2014), molten hydrous and dry basalt (Sakamaki et al, 2006).…”

Section: Geochemical Perspectives Letters Lettermentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of molten CaCO3 at high pressure

Hudspeth¹,

Sanloup²,

Kono³

2018

Geochem. Persp. Let.

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doi: 10.7185/geochemlet.1813We report here the structure of molten CaCO 3 studied by in situ X-ray diffraction using a Paris-Edinburgh press up to 8.7 GPa. Variations are observed in the medium range order with shrinkage of the intermolecular contributions, reflecting higher packing efficiency of the carbonate molecules. Density of the melt is obtained from the radial distribution functions, assuming a constant coordination number of 3 for the C-O contribution. Bulk modulus values increase by a factor of 2 over the experimental pressure-temperature range, reaching a value similar to that of underlying crystalline phases at the highest pressure investigated. These are the first direct density measurements of compressed CaCO 3 melt; they agree well with recent ab initio predictions (Li et al., 2017), which implies that the reported flattening of the melting curve followed by a slightly negative curve above 8 GPa cannot be due to crystal-melt density inversion. Instead, the enthalpy of fusion is likely responsible, and we note the peculiar high diffusivity of oxygen in crystalline calcite-V in this regard, with further implications for the mobility of carbonate melts at depth.

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“…An advanced technique becomes popular for melt density measurements. This technique combines synchrotron X-ray absorption measurement with a large volume press and has been conducted successfully on a number of melts by several authors (Katayama et al, 1993;Sanloup et al, 2000;Sakamaki et al, 2009Sakamaki et al, , 2010aSakamaki et al, , 2010bSakamaki et al, , 2011Nishida et al, 2011;van Kan Parker et al, 2012;Sakamaki et al, 2013;Seifert et al, 2013;Malfait et al, 2014aMalfait et al, , 2014b. This well-established technique allows us to measure density of liquid under desired pressure and temperature conditions with much improved precision and accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density of jadeite melts under high pressure and high temperature conditions

Sakamaki

2017

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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The density of the jadeite (NaAlSi 2 O 6 ) melt has been measured up to 6.5 GPa and 2273 K using the X-ray absorption technique at beamline 13-BM-D of the Advanced Photon Source. A fit of the pressure-densitytemperature data to the high temperature Birch-Murnaghan equation of state yielded the following thermoelastic parameters: density, ρ 0 = 2.36 g/cm 3 , isothermal bulk modulus, K T0 = 21.5 ± 0.8 GPa, its pressure derivative, K 0 A = 8.9 ± 1.2, and the temperature derivative (∂K T /∂T ) P = −0.0021 ± 0.0011 GPa/K at a reference temperature T 0 = 1473 K. The densification of jadeite melt at low pressures is primarily dominated by topological changes in the structure, including a decrease in T-O-T angle and breaking and reforming of the T-O bond (T = Si 4+ , Al 3+ ). Compressibilities of jadeite, albite, diopside, phonolite and peridotite melts display a systematic trend: the K 0 -K 0 A plot of these silicate melts exhibits an inverse linear relation.

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Supervolcano eruptions driven by melt buoyancy in large silicic magma chambers

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 110 publications

References 29 publications

Fine-scale temporal recovery, reconstruction and evolution of a post-supereruption magmatic system

Fine-scale temporal recovery, reconstruction and evolution of a post-supereruption magmatic system

Properties of molten CaCO3 at high pressure

Density of jadeite melts under high pressure and high temperature conditions

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