“…The dropping-but still highrates of incarceration and recidivism, particularly the growing numbers of women, illustrate the need for further research, policy and programmatic changes to address gender differences among jail inmates (Bloom & McDiarmid, 2000;Haywood, Kravitz, Goldman, & Freeman, 2000;Schram, Koons-Witt, Williams, & McShane, 2006). Based on these and other findings, the next step is to provide jail populations with gender responsive programs as part of a TJC system to determine their effect on recidivism rates.…”