Supervised Short-term High-intensity Training on Plasma Irisin Concentrations in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Irisin is a myokine involved in adipocyte transformation. Its main beneficial effects arise from increased energy expenditure. Irisin production is particularly stimulated by physical exercise. The present study investigates the changes of plasma irisin in type 2 diabetic patients performing 2 different training modalities. Fourteen type 2 diabetic patients underwent 4 week of supervised high-intensity interval training (HIT; n=8) or continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT; n=6), with equivalent total amounts of work required. Plasma samples were collected in the resting state atbaseline and one day after the exercise intervention to analyse resting plasma irisin, blood lipids, blood glucose, hsCRP, Adiponectin, Leptin and TNF-α concentrations. In addition, body composition and VO2peak were determined Resting plasma irisin increased after HIT (p=0.049) and correlated significantly with plasma fasting glucose at follow-up (r=0.763; p=0.006). CMT did not significantly change the amount of plasma irisin, although follow-up values of plasma irisin correlated negatively with fat-free mass (r=−0.827, p=0.002) and with fasting plasma glucose (r = − 0.934, p=0.006). Plasma irisin was found to increase with higher training intensity, confirming the assumption that exercise intensity, in addition to the type of exercise, may play an important role in the stimulation of the irisin response.

The impact of high‐intensity interval training on inflammatory markers in metabolic disorders: A meta‐analysis

“…The HIIT comparison groups are summarized in Table 2. Of the 29 studies, 8 studies had a CON group, 39,41,56,57,[61][62][63]69 15 studies were with MIIT or MICT gro ups, 40,42,49,50,[53][54][55]58,64,65,67,68,[70][71][72] two with LIIT or LICT, 52,73 and 4 have both CON and MICT. 51,59,60,66 (Table 2).…”

“…39,63 In this meta-analysis, 18 studies employed HIIT intervention, [39][40][41][42]49,51,53,55,58,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]73 10 employed SIT interventions 50,52,54,57,[59][60][61][62][63]72 and 1 employed both SIT and HIIT. 56 Of the 29 studies, 13 used running or walking, [39][40][41]51,54,55,57,[59][60][61][62]67,73 12 used cycling 49,50,52,53,58,63,66,…”

“…Four studies used 5 sessions a week, 64,65,67,70 and 2 adopted 4 sessions a week. 42,58 Exercise intensity was reported based on the percentage of HR max /or HR peak , 40,41,49,54,56,[64][65][66][67][68][69]71 HRR, 42,73 VO 2max /or VO 2pea , 39,52,53,58,72,74 vVO 2max , 51 maximal speed, 50,59-63 W peak OR max 70 and 3 did not report this clearly. 55,57 Most studies used active recovery and only 1 used passive recovery 58 and 2 used both of active and passive recovery.…”

“…IL-6 were included in 11 studies, [39][40][41][42][51][52][53]57,65,67,70 TNF-α in 12 studies [40][41][42]49,[51][52][53]62,63,65,67,70 and CRP in 11 studies 39,41,42,49,50,56,63,66,69,71,72 were measured. For adipokines, adiponectin was measured in 12 studies, 41,42,49,[52][53][54][55][56]59,61,67,68 and leptin in 11. 42,49,53,55,56,58,…”

High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The significance level was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. According to the mean standard deviation established for the VO 2max test in previous studies [34,35] (SD = 5.4 ml/kg/min) and an estimated error (d) of 1.45 mL/kg/min, a valid sample size for a 95% confidence interval (CI) was 53 (n = CI 2 × d 2 /SD 2 ). Forty-one women completed the study.…”