Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. The Consistency of Black Hole Masses in Quiescent and Active Galaxies

Ferrarese, Laura; Pogge, Richard W.; Peterson, B. M.; Merritt, David; Wandel, Amri; Joseph, Charles L.

doi:10.1086/322528

Cited by 296 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Ferrarese and Merritt (2000) and Gebhardt et al (2000a) have found that MBH masses of inactive galaxies are better correlated with the stellar velocity dispersion in the bulge than with the bulge luminosity. Apparently this relation holds also for AGNs: the few Seyfert galaxies with stellar velocity data and reverberation BH mass estimates seem to be consistent with the BH-velocity dispersion relation of inactive galaxies (Gebhardt et al 2000b), a conclusion strengthened by observations of the velocity dispersion in reverberation mapped Seyfert galaxies (Ferrarese et al 2001). Seyfert 1 galaxies and quasars).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The black hole-bulge relations in active galactic nuclei

Wandel

2004

Proc. IAU

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Abstract. We show that Massive Black Holes of AGNs follow the same approximately linear relation with the luminosity of the host spheroid (bulge) found in normal (quiescent) galaxies, with the black hole mass being 0.002 that of the bulge. We also demonstrate that Narrow line AGNs seem to have a significantly lower Mbh/Lbulge ratio, which implies a new strong correlation between Mbh/Lbulge and the width of the broad emission lines of AGNs (Wandel 2002). Combining existing data, new observations and extrapolation schemes based on the FaberJackson relation, the relation between the BH mass and the stellar velocity dispersion in the host bulge of AGNs is constructed. It too agrees with the relation found in quiescent galaxies.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The black hole-bulge relations in active galactic nuclei

Wandel

2004

Proc. IAU

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“…One important application for such measurements is as a consistency check on the black hole masses determined from reverberation mapping of nearby Seyfert 1 galaxies (Wandel, Peterson, & Malkan 1999;Kaspi et al 2000). Gebhardt et al (2000b) and Ferrarese et al (2001) have shown that the reverberation masses of Seyfert 1 galaxies are in good agreement with the M −σ relation of nearby galaxies; this is a reassuring sign that the reverberation measurements give reasonable estimates of the black hole masses. Near-infrared spectra of two PG quasars, centered on the Ca II triplet spectral region.…”

Section: Can the Stellar Velocity Dispersions Of Quasar Host Galaxiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Black hole masses in active galaxies

Barth

2004

Proc. IAU

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“…Although large-scale bars can produce gas inflow (e.g., Combes & Gerin 1985;Sakamoto et al 1999) and in some cases also drive powerful starbursts (e.g., Knapen et al 2002;Jogee et al 2005), a correlation between large-scale bars and nuclear activity has not yet been verified (e.g., Mulchaey & Regan 1997). This lack of correlation is probably related to the different timescales for bar-induced gas inflow ( 300 Myr, Jogee et al 2005), AGN duty cycles (∼10 7 yr), and intermittent active accretion every ∼10 8 yr (Ferrarese et al 2001;Marecki et al 2003;Janiuk et al 2004;Hopkins & Hernquist 2006;King & Pringle 2007). The comparison of these different timescales suggests that most AGN are in an intermediate phase between active accretion episodes making the detection of galaxies with nuclear accretion somewhat difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Gas in NUclei of GAlaxies (NUGA)

Casasola

Hunt

Combes

et al. 2011

A&A

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We present 12 CO(1-0) and 12 CO(2-1) maps of the interacting barred LINER/Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 3627 obtained with the IRAM interferometer at resolutions of 2. 1 × 1. 3 and 0. 9 × 0. 6, respectively. We also present single-dish IRAM 30 m 12 CO(1-0) and 12 CO(2-1) observations used to compute short spacings and complete interferometric measurements. These observations are complemented by IRAM 30 m measurements of HCN(1-0) emission detected in the center of NGC 3627. The molecular gas emission shows a nuclear peak, an elongated bar-like structure of ∼18 (∼900 pc) diameter in both 12 CO maps and, in 12 CO(1-0), a two-arm spiral feature from r ∼ 9 (∼450 pc) to r ∼ 16 (∼800 pc). The inner ∼18 bar-like structure, with a north/south orientation (PA = 14 • ), forms two peaks at the extremes of this elongated emission region. The kinematics of the inner molecular gas shows signatures of non-circular motions associated both with the 18 bar-like structure and the spiral feature detected beyond it. The 1.6 μm H-band 2MASS image of NGC 3627 shows a stellar bar with a PA = −21 • , different from the PA (= 14 • ) of the 12 CO bar-like structure, indicating that the gas is leading the stellar bar. The far-infrared Spitzer-MIPS 70 and 160 μm images of NGC 3627 show that the dust emission is intensified at the nucleus and at the ansae at the ends of the bar, coinciding with the 12 CO peaks. The GALEX far-ultraviolet (FUV) morphology of NGC 3627 displays an inner elongated (north/south) ring delimiting a hole around the nucleus, and the 12 CO bar-like structure is contained in the hole observed in the FUV. The torques computed with the HST-NICMOS F160W image and our PdBI maps are negative down to the resolution limit of our images, ∼60 pc in 12 CO(2-1). If the bar ends at ∼3 kpc, coincident with corotation (CR), the torques are negative between the CR of the bar and the nucleus, down to the resolution limit of our observations. This scenario is compatible with a recently-formed rapidly rotating bar which has had insufficient time to slow down because of secular evolution, and thus has not yet formed an inner Lindblad resonance (ILR). The presence of molecular gas inside the CR of the primary bar, where we expect that the ILR will form, makes NGC 3627 a potential smoking gun of inner gas inflow. The gas is fueling the central region, and in a second step could fuel directly the active nucleus.

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Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. The Consistency of Black Hole Masses in Quiescent and Active Galaxies

Cited by 296 publications

References 31 publications

The black hole-bulge relations in active galactic nuclei

The black hole-bulge relations in active galactic nuclei

Black hole masses in active galaxies

Molecular Gas in NUclei of GAlaxies (NUGA)

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