Superiority of K-edge XANES over LIII-edge XANES in the Speciation of Iodine in Natural Soils

Biogeochemical Considerations Related To The Remediation Of I-129 Plumes

“…Direct spectroscopic methods have been limited to the use of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra (EXAFS) (Fuhrmann et Consequently studies must be conducted at extremely high iodine concentrations, ppm to percent concentration levels. Shimamoto and Takahashi (2008) conducted XANES studies on soils amended with 55 µg g -1 I. They reported that most of the iodine in the soil was in an organic form.…”

Soil column experiments for iodate and iodide using K-edge XANES and HPLC–ICP-MS

“…Van Loon et al (2003a,b) and Glaus et al (2008) studied diffusion of iodide and iodate through Opalinus Clay, which is under investigation as a potential host rock for a high-level radioactive waste repository in Switzerland. Um and Serne (2005) performed a series of batch sorption and column experiments to investigate sorption and transport behavior of 99 Tc, 129 I, 79 Se, and 90 Sr on and through borehole sediments collected at the Hanford Site in the U.S. Major chemical forms of iodine in soil include iodide (I − ), iodate (IO 3 − ), and organically bound iodine (Yamada et al, 1999(Yamada et al, , 2002Yuita, 1992;Yamaguchi et al, 2006;Shimamoto and Takahashi, 2008), and the environmental behavior of iodine can be different among these species. In earlier research, Hu et al (2005) conducted integrated column and batch experiments to investigate the inter-conversion, sorption and transport of various iodine species (iodide, iodate, and 4-iodoaniline).…”

“…X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) has been recently used as an in-situ speciation method for iodine in solid materials (Fuhrmann et al, 1998;Feiters et al, 2005;Kodama et al, 2006;Schlegel et al, 2006;Yamaguchi et al, 2006Yamaguchi et al, , 2008Shimamoto and Takahashi, 2008). Use of XAFS enables us to measure the samples without any pretreatments, and it can be applied to both solid and liquid phases.…”

A review on speciation of iodine-129 in the environmental and biological samples

“…Shimamoto and Takahashi [153] found that despite iodine K-edge XANES profiles are relatively featureless compared to those of L III XANES, analysis of soil with iodine concentrations of 55 μg/g and high Ca concentrations in particular, should preferably be carried out at the K-edge because of the lower detection limit (avoiding the interference of Ca K X-rays with I Lα). They identified that the iodine in the soil is mainly as organic form.…”

“…XANES and EXAFS are qualitative analytical techniques, which means that information on distribution of different species of elements or radionuclides could not be supplied. Artifacts in XANES experiments due to radiation damage have been reported for several types of samples [155] and elements including iodine [153]. To monitor possible beam damage, energy scans repeated several times for each position of interest may be compared.…”