Superiority of global features in classification and matching

Wandmacher, Jens; Arend, Udo

doi:10.1007/bf00309265

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The interference may operate differently with the compound patterns of different relationship. The result of a study by Wandmacher and Arend (1985) with the stimuli illustrated in Figure 4, indicated only a negligible Stroop-type interference by both irrelevant global and local levels. Wandmacher & Arend suggested that the global advantage effect is not associated with Stroop-type interference in type-N stimulus.…”

Section: Stroop-type Interferencementioning

confidence: 94%

“…From that example they concluded that the global configuration is identified more rapidly and is ignored with more difficulty than the local component. Wandmacher and Arend (1985) used the concept of global superiority to refer to the faster discrimination, classification, and matching of a global feature in comparison to a local element. Temporal precedence, however, is one possible aspect of the dominance of either the global or local levels.…”

Section: A New Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using type-N stimuli (Figure 4) similar to ones employed by Pomerantz (1983, Experiment 5), Wandmacher and Arend (1985) Pomerantz and Sager (1975) appeal to indirect inferences about modes of processing. The latter approach which was supported by Pomerantz and Sager (1975) shares elements with the Structuralists' view.…”

Section: Global Advantage and Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This possibility has been suggested by some workers. For example, Wandmacher and Arend (1985) proposed that if the stimulus is projected for a long duration, the global advantage will disappear. Lupker (1979) found that a very short exposure of letters and letter-like symbols are more confused with each other when comparison is at the global level than when the comparison is at the local level, and exposure duration of the stimulus is very short.…”

Section: Exposure Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings which indicate that presence or absence of global/local advantage and interference may depend on perceptual factors affecting the quality of information available at the global and local levels, support this argument. In the previous sections it was reported that factors such as density/sparsity of local components (e.g., Lovegrove & Pepper, 1994), number of elements (e.g., Kimchi, 1982), exposure duration (e.g., Wandmacher & Arend, 1985), luminance of the stimulus (e.g., Hughes, Layton, Baird & Lester, 1984), lateral masking (e.g., Wolford & Chamber, 1978), and retinal location (e.g., Kawabata, 1990) may affect processing of global and local levels. According to this interpretation it has been suggested that (e.g., Hoffman, 1980;Kinchla & Wolfe, 1979;Navon & Norman, 1983;Pomerantz, 1981Pomerantz, , 1983) the global configuration is superior to local components mainly because the latter are less discriminable than the former.…”

Section: Sources Of Global/local Advantage and Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of eccentricity and size in the global precedence effect.

Amirkhiabani¹,

Lovegrove²

1996

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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SOURCES STATEMENT I certify that the thesis entitled The Role o f Eccentricity and Size in the Global PrecedenceEffect, and submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, is the result of my own research, except where otherwise acknowledged, and that this thesis (or any part of the same) has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other university or institution. Navon (1977) purposed that global configurations are processed more quickly than are local components. Kinchla and Wolfe (1979) demonstrated that this global precedence was lost when the global stimuli exceeded 6-9 degrees of visual angle. Navon and Norman (1983) noted that Kinchla and Wolfe confounded size and eccentricity. They attempted to unconfound these two variables and concluded that global precedence was found with both large and small stimuli when eccentricity was not a confound.It is argued that the controversy in the global precedence hypothesis has partially resulted from the fact that the concepts of the global and local and the attributed relationship between these two vary in different experiments and among workers. In the present study a new approach to global-local relationships was introduced. Global-local relationships were classified into four groups: Inclusion, placeholder, dimensional, and featural relationships. Any of these relationships may or may not be accompanied by a semantic relationship between the global and local levels. The Stroop-type interference of the global and local levels refers to some sort of conventional semantic relationship between the levels. Based on an extensive study of the literature it was suggested that the perception of the global and local levels of a compound pattern is dependent on the type of relationship between two levels. The presented study was limited to test the effect of size and eccentricity of the compound pattern on the processing of the global and local levels with inclusion and placeholder relationships.Debate is still very active regarding the global precedence effect. The present study questioned the initial logic behind this hypothesis about the equal recognisability of the global and local levels, an axiom which has been accepted without being tested. This was investigated in a series of experiments by considering the effects of eccentricity and size and their possible interaction on the processing of the two structural levels, using compound patterns of placeholder and inclusion relationships. Furthermore, the possible iii effect of size/eccentricity uncertainty on the temporal order of processing of the global and local levels and patterns of response times were examined across eccentricity. The results showed a global advantage regardless of attentional strategies or experimental presentation conditions when the eccentricity was controlled. The study of Stroop-type interference between the global and local levels indicated a discontinuity in global/local interference with variations in size and eccentricity. It seems that size and eccentricity are the main determina...

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Section: Stroop-type Interferencementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: A New Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Advantage and Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exposure Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Global/local Advantage and Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Role of eccentricity and size in the global precedence effect.

Amirkhiabani¹,

Lovegrove²

1996

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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The integration of visual and functional classifications in concept formation

Hoffmann

Ziessler

1986

Psychol. Res

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The role of attention for the Simon effect

1993

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It has been claimed that spatial attention plays a decisive role in the effect of irrelevant spatial stimulus-response correspondence (i.e., the Simon effect), especially the way the attentional focus is moved onto the stimulus (lateral shifting rather than zooming). This attentional-movement hypothesis is contrasted with a referential-coding hypothesis, according to which spatial stimulus coding depends on the availability of frames or objects of reference rather than on certain attentional movements. In six experiments, reference objects were made available to aid spatial coding, which either appeared simultaneously with the stimulus (Experiments 1-3), or were continuously visible (Experiments 4-6). In contrast to previous experiments and to the attentional predictions, the Simon effect occurred even though the stimuli were precued by large frames surrounding both possible stimulus positions (Experiment 1), even when the reference object's salience was markedly reduced (Experiment 2), or when the precueing frames were made more informative (Experiment 3). Furthermore, it was found that the Simon effect is not reduced by spatial correspondence between an uninformative spatial precue and the stimulus (Experiment 4), and it does not depend on the location of spatial precues appearing to the left or right of both possible stimulus locations (Experiment 5). This was true even when the precue was made task-relevant in order to ensure attentional focusing (Experiment 6). In sum, it is shown that the Simon effect does not depend on the kind of attentional operation presumably performed to focus onto the stimulus. It is argued that the available data are consistent with a coding approach to the Simon effect which, however, needs to be developed to be more precise as to the conditions for spatial stimulus coding.

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Superiority of global features in classification and matching

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Role of eccentricity and size in the global precedence effect.

Role of eccentricity and size in the global precedence effect.

The integration of visual and functional classifications in concept formation

The role of attention for the Simon effect

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