Superiority of CCL11x IL-6 over PSA in Prostate Cancer Prediction and Detection in Egyptian Patients: First Preliminary Comparative Assessment

Abstract

Background: Controversy surrounds the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a biomarker for prostate cancer detection, leaving an unmet need for a novel biomarker. In this regard, we investigated the association of two biomarkers, CCL11 and IL-6, with prostate cancer (PCa) and pointed out the diagnostic value of their combined detection and multiplication assessment. Methods:In a cohort of 72 subjects (24 PCa; 24 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); 24 healthy volunteers) serum concentrations of CCL11 and IL-6 were assessed by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Diagnostic performance of each biomarker and their multivariate assessments were compared using area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and the unpaired t-test.Results: Mean serum concentrations of CCL11 and IL-6 were highly significantly (P<0.0001) elevated in PCa compared to controls. When CCL11 concentrations multiplied by those of IL-6, the yielded values were increased 2.7-fold and 6.1-fold in benign and malignant groups, respectively, as compared with normal group. Late stage tumors showed that ([CCL11]×[IL-6]) values (1544.0±176.0 pg/ml) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of early stage (665.8±68.5 pg/ml). The area under curve (AUC) was 0.933with superior sensitivity (96%) and higher specificity (75%). Conclusion:We are here the first to report that values from combined detection and multiplication of (CCL11and IL-6) can be considered as novel promising bio-score biomarker for PCa detection and may be used also to distinguish between prostate enlargement and prostate cancer as well as its status. Our new score may be investigated to be surrogate to/or to be done with PSA.