Marine oil spills pose a serious
threat to the marine ecological
environment. Phase-selective organogelators (PSOGs) are ideal candidates
for oil spill gelation when used in combination with a mechanical
recovery method. However, the toxicity of an organic solvent carrier
has become a key problem when it is applied in the remediation of
marine oil pollution. In this study, through an inexpensive and nontoxic
ionic cross-linking and freeze-drying method, we successfully developed
composite oil gelling agents that used a biomass sodium alginate aerogel
as the carrier of 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA). Simultaneously,
carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF-C) with large specific surface
area and graphene oxide (GO) with excellent mechanical properties
as reinforcing fillers were combined with an alginate matrix. 12-HSA,
as a green and inexpensive organic gelator, was uniformly loaded on
the aerogels by vacuum impregnation. The sodium alginate aerogel was
capable of absorbing and storing oil due to its three-dimensional
network skeleton and high porosity. Rheological studies have demonstrated
that the organic gelator 12-HSA can be released from the aerogel substrate
and self-assemble to form an oleogel with the absorbed oil quickly.
The synergistic effect between absorption and congelation endows the
composite oil gelling agent with efficient oil spill recovery capability.
Based on eco-friendly, biodegradable, and simple synthesis methods,
this composite oil gelling agent shows great potential for application
in marine oil spill recovery.