Superhydrophobic composite graphene oxide membrane coated with fluorinated silica nanoparticles for hydrogen isotopic water separation in membrane distillation

A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis, Applications and Future Prospects for Silica Nanoparticles (SNPs)

“…However, it is challenging to develop fluorine containing probes for 19F MRI. This scenario has led to the grafting of fluorine onto the silica nanoparticles, which can be immobilized on the inner as well as outer layers of the particles [96][97][98][99].…”

Liquid-phase water isotope separation using graphene-oxide membranes

“…However, the separation of isotopic water vapor is overshadowed by the vapor pressure isotope effect. For example, the separation factors reported for unmodified G-O membranes in air-gap membrane distillation (a ¼ 1.044e1.055) are below the vapor pressure isotope effect (a ¼ 1.060) at 40e45 C [28,29]. Therefore, the contribution of G-O membranes to isotope separation is unclear as the reported enrichment is counteracted by a mixed ultrafiltration process in which liquid can permeate into the hydrophilic nanochannels of G-O [13,28].…”

“…Therefore, the contribution of G-O membranes to isotope separation is unclear as the reported enrichment is counteracted by a mixed ultrafiltration process in which liquid can permeate into the hydrophilic nanochannels of G-O [13,28]. Adjustments made to the surface hydrophobicity of G-O membranes via reduction, functionalization or coating have been studied for enhancing D/H separation [28,29], although these modifications made it harder to isolate the effect G-O has on isotope separation and the mechanism behind D enrichment in water. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies of G-O membranes for the enrichment of 18 O in water.…”

Recent Progress on Nanomaterial-Based Membranes for Water Treatment

“…The authors used light/heavy water as a model and an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) apparatus to evaluate the separation performance of the isotopic hydrogen of this composite membrane. The results of the authors' study demonstrate that the selectivity of the membrane was enhanced by the addition of the fluorinated silica nanoparticles [91]. Membrane fouling is considered the main limitation to the performance of membranes.…”

“…Figure 4 below shows the most commonly used nanoparticles for water treatment. Wen, et al [91] successfully modified a graphene oxide membrane (GOM) by superhydrophobic modification using fluorinated silica nanoparticles layers on the membrane surface to improve the surface adhesion and decrease the surface energy. The authors used light/heavy water as a model and an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) apparatus to evaluate the separation performance of the isotopic hydrogen of this composite membrane.…”