Abstract:Coronavirus has affected the entire global community owing to its transmission through respiratory droplets. This has led to the mandatory usage of surgical masks for protection against this lethal virus in many countries. However, the currently available disposable surgical masks have limitations in terms of their hydrophobicity and reusability. Here, we report a single-step spray-coating technique for the formation of a superhydrophobic layer of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on a meltblown polyprop… Show more
“…This carbon-based mask exhibited 100% filtration efficiency and excellent hydrophobic ability (157.9° of water contact angle) and fast photosterilizing performance (up to 110 °C) under solar irradiation. Superhydrophobic and self-sterilizing meltblown PP surgical masks spray-coated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli and virus-like particles, and an outstanding photothermal performance with an increase in their surface temperature to more than 90 °C within 30 s of sun solar illumination, confirming their self-sterilization capacity . Most face masks are made of hydrophobic fabrics such as PP-based materials in order to reduce adhesion (see Tables and ).…”
Section: Antimicrobial Face Masksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Photocatalytic rejuvenation masks containing N-TiO 2 /TiO 2 , which are compounds that can cause high cell damage at high concentration, showed safety because they did not exhibit significant particle leakage from the mask, either under an ambient environment or under a high-humidity airflow . Moreover, no detachment of SWCNTs was observed from a meltblown polypropylene surgical mask by a high-pressure nitrogen gas flow …”
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has stressed the importance of the use of personal protective of personal protective equipment (PPE). In the present time, face masks, as representative example of PPE, demonstrated useful significant contribution in COVID-19 pandemic management effectively. However, these commonly used face masks are made of materials without inactivation properties against either SARS-CoV-2 or multidrugresistant bacteria. Therefore, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals can infect other people even if they wear them since some viable microbial loads can escape from the masks. Furthermore, microbial contact transmission can occur by touching the mask, and they are an increasing source of contaminated biological waste. In this regard, during the current pandemic, many researchers have been working on the development of face masks made of advanced materials with intrinsic antimicrobial properties to avoid these problems, and thus provide extra protection against pathogens. In this dazzling race against COVID-19, this review presents the types of commercialized face mask, their main fabrication methods and treatments, and the progress achieved in the development of smart antimicrobial face masks.
“…This carbon-based mask exhibited 100% filtration efficiency and excellent hydrophobic ability (157.9° of water contact angle) and fast photosterilizing performance (up to 110 °C) under solar irradiation. Superhydrophobic and self-sterilizing meltblown PP surgical masks spray-coated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli and virus-like particles, and an outstanding photothermal performance with an increase in their surface temperature to more than 90 °C within 30 s of sun solar illumination, confirming their self-sterilization capacity . Most face masks are made of hydrophobic fabrics such as PP-based materials in order to reduce adhesion (see Tables and ).…”
Section: Antimicrobial Face Masksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Photocatalytic rejuvenation masks containing N-TiO 2 /TiO 2 , which are compounds that can cause high cell damage at high concentration, showed safety because they did not exhibit significant particle leakage from the mask, either under an ambient environment or under a high-humidity airflow . Moreover, no detachment of SWCNTs was observed from a meltblown polypropylene surgical mask by a high-pressure nitrogen gas flow …”
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has stressed the importance of the use of personal protective of personal protective equipment (PPE). In the present time, face masks, as representative example of PPE, demonstrated useful significant contribution in COVID-19 pandemic management effectively. However, these commonly used face masks are made of materials without inactivation properties against either SARS-CoV-2 or multidrugresistant bacteria. Therefore, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals can infect other people even if they wear them since some viable microbial loads can escape from the masks. Furthermore, microbial contact transmission can occur by touching the mask, and they are an increasing source of contaminated biological waste. In this regard, during the current pandemic, many researchers have been working on the development of face masks made of advanced materials with intrinsic antimicrobial properties to avoid these problems, and thus provide extra protection against pathogens. In this dazzling race against COVID-19, this review presents the types of commercialized face mask, their main fabrication methods and treatments, and the progress achieved in the development of smart antimicrobial face masks.
“…Another study showed that moist heat and chemical treatment with salt (NaCl) and N-halamide can dramatically reduce pathogenic contaminants from used masks (Zorko et al, 2020 ). Recently, carbon nanotubes are also used to generate face masks with self-sterilizing capability (Soni et al, 2021 ). Fig.…”
Section: The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Bmw Managementmentioning
Excessive population outbursts and associated xenobiotic interventions contribute overproduction of waste materials across the world. Among these waste materials biomedical wastes (BMW) make a significant contribution. The huge accumulation of BMW is not only meant for successive environmental pollution but increases health hazards by cross-contamination and reoccurrence of different fatal infections. The management of BMW gaining continuous attention to the scientific communities for their intriguing potentiality towards public health concerns. Although, world health organization (WHO) and other public health and environmental societies formulate different guidelines for the disposal machinery of BMW but the proper implementation of those rules in public sectors in developing countries is very difficult. In this situation, the sudden prevalence of pandemic like, COVID-19 further worsen such conditions. Huge disposition of medical wastes during COVID-19 detection, treatment, and precautionary measures not only increases the risk of reoccurrence of infection but puts us also in front of a huge challenge of efficient management of these BMW. In this respect, the present review focus on an overview of BMW, existing BMW management, probable consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on the waste management system, and future perspectives.
“…Other carbonaceous nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be coated on the surface of PP surgical face masks to improve their hydrophobicity and make them self-sterilizable. In a recent work by Soni et al, 7 single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) were spray-coated on surgical masks made of melt-blown PP. Figure 1 shows the spray-coating process of the SWCNTs on the mask.…”
Section: Modified Polymer-based Ppementioning
confidence: 99%
“… Spray-coating process of single-walled carbon nanotubes on the mask. Reprinted from ref ( 7 ). Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.…”
The increasing concerns
about human-health-related microbial infections
and the need for the development of personal protective equipment
(PPE) is becoming a major challenge. Because of their light weight
and ease of processing, polymeric materials are widely used in designing
and fabricating PPE that are being used by healthcare workers and
the general population. Among the available PPEs, face masks have
been widely developed from polymeric materials such as polypropylene,
polycarbonate, and poly(ethylene terephthalate). However, currently,
many of the face masks are not antimicrobial, which can pose a great
risk for cross-infection as discarded masks can be a dangerous source
of microbes. To prevent the spread of microbes, researchers have prompted
the development of self-sterilizing masks that are capable of inactivating
microbes via different mechanisms. Hence, this review provides a brief
overview of the currently available antimicrobial-modified polymer-based
PPE, and it mainly focuses on the different types of nanoparticles
and other materials that have been embedded in different polymeric
materials. The possibility of inhaling microplastics from wearing
a face mask is also outlined, and the effects of various modifications
on the health of face mask users are also explored. Furthermore, the
effects of the disposed masks on the environment are underlined.
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