Superheavy Element Chemistry

Eichler, Robert

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10199-6_4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Exciting examples of radiochemical studies with SHEs are the recent investigations involving copernicium (Cn, Z = 112) and flerovium (Fl, Z = 114), positioned in group 12 and 14 of the periodic table, respectively. Being both SHEs characterized by short halflives and a high volatility, gas chromatography is used [5]. The high volatility of mercury, the lighter homologue of copernicium, renders this element suitable for comparative gas chromatographic studies simultaneously with Cn and Fl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, sulfur was pointed out to be a good candidate as a chromatographic surface for gas adsorption experiments with copernicium and flerovium [5]. However, the high kinetic interaction hindrance at room temperature of Hg toward the sulfur surface prevented the further development of this chemical system (Chiera N. M., accepted for publication in Journal Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, the formation of Fl-Se is expected to be favored or at least similar to the homologous selenides, whereas the interaction between Cn and selenium is expected to be weaker than the one of Hg with Se, following the thermodynamic stability trend CnSe \ HgSe \ FlSe. These thermodynamic trends are based on the sublimation enthalpy values DH subl 298 (Cn) = 36 ± 10 kJ/mol [5] and DH subl 298 (Fl) = 25 ?22 -10 kJ/mol [5], deduced from the empirical correlation -DH ads Au 298 (M) = (1.32 ± 0.05) Á DH subl 298 (M) ? (4.18 ± 3.68), kJ/mol, where M = Cn or Fl [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These thermodynamic trends are based on the sublimation enthalpy values DH subl 298 (Cn) = 36 ± 10 kJ/mol [5] and DH subl 298 (Fl) = 25 ?22 -10 kJ/mol [5], deduced from the empirical correlation -DH ads Au 298 (M) = (1.32 ± 0.05) Á DH subl 298 (M) ? (4.18 ± 3.68), kJ/mol, where M = Cn or Fl [5]. Similar trends for the standard enthalpies of formation of CnSe (s) and FlSe (s) are obtained considering the standard enthalpies of formation of mono-atomic gases, i.e., DH f (Cn) = 39 ± 3 kJ/mol [15] and DH f (Fl) = 190 ± 18 kJ/mol [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction of elemental mercury with selenium surfaces: model experiments for investigations of superheavy elements copernicium and flerovium

Chiera

Aksenov²,

Albin³

et al. 2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The adsorption behavior of 197 Hg and [183][184][185] Hg on red amorphous selenium (red a-Se) and trigonal selenium (t-Se) was investigated experimentally by off-line and on-line gas chromatographic methods, in preparation of a sensitive chemical separation and characterization of the transactinides copernicium (Cn, Z = 112) and flerovium (Fl, Z = 114). Monte-Carlo simulations of a diffusion controlled deposition were in good agreement with the experimental results, assuming as interaction limits -DH ads red a-Se (Hg) [ 85 kJ/mol, and -DH ads t-Se (Hg) \ 60 kJ/mol. Both Se allotropes can be used as stationary surfaces in comparative gas-chromatographic chemical investigations of Cn and Fl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction of elemental mercury with selenium surfaces: model experiments for investigations of superheavy elements copernicium and flerovium

Chiera

Aksenov²,

Albin³

et al. 2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Microscopic interaction of single atomic elemental Hg with a sulfur surface

Chiera

Eichler

Piguet

et al. 2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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In preparation of chemical investigations of the superheavy elements (SHEs) copernicium and flerovium, model experiments with 197 Hg were conducted. The interaction of elemental mercury on a sulfur surface was investigated by off-line isothermal gas chromatography.Although the formation of HgS(s) is thermodynamically favored, a strong kinetic hindrance is observed at room temperature, and thus only adsorption interactions could be addressed.A dependence of the adsorption interaction strength on the allotropic transformations of the sulfur surface was observed. The high temperatures needed to promote the chemical interaction of Hg with S prevent sulfur from being a suitable chromatographic surface for SHEs experiments with the state-of-the-art gas phase technology.

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From the gas phase to the solid state: The chemical bonding in the superheavy element flerovium

Florez

Smits

Mewes

et al. 2022

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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As early as 1975, Pitzer suggested that copernicium, flerovium and oganesson are volatile substances behaving noble-gas like because of their closed-shell configurations and accompanying relativistic effects. It is, however, precarious to predict the chemical bonding and physical behavior of a solid by knowledge of the atomic or molecular properties only. Copernicium and oganesson have been analyzed very recently by our group. Both are predicted to be semi-conductors and volatile substances with rather low melting and boiling points, which may justify a comparison with the noble gas elements. Here we study closed-shell flerovium in detail to predict solid-state properties including the melting point from a decomposition of the total energy into many-body forces derived from relativistic coupled-cluster and from density functional theory. The convergence of such a decomposition for flerovium is critically analyzed, and the problem of using density functional theory is highlighted. We predict that flerovium is in many ways not behaving like a typical noble gas element despite its closed-shell 7$p_{1/2}^2$ configuration and resulting weak interactions. Unlike for the noble gases, the many-body expansion in terms of the interaction energy is not converging smoothly. This makes the accurate prediction of phase transitions very difficult. Nevertheless, a first prediction by Monte-Carlo simulation estimates the melting point at $284\pm 50$ K. Furthermore, calculations for the electronic band gap suggests that flerovium is a semi-conductor similar to copernicium

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Superheavy Element Chemistry

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Interaction of elemental mercury with selenium surfaces: model experiments for investigations of superheavy elements copernicium and flerovium

Interaction of elemental mercury with selenium surfaces: model experiments for investigations of superheavy elements copernicium and flerovium

Microscopic interaction of single atomic elemental Hg with a sulfur surface

From the gas phase to the solid state: The chemical bonding in the superheavy element flerovium

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