Supercritical water oxidation: an engineering update

Gloyna, Earnest F.; Li, Lixiong

doi:10.1016/0956-053x(93)90071-4

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Besides the investigations of numerous model compounds, real wastes from chemical, pharmaceutical and food industry, municipal sewage, military and nuclear waste simulates were tested in bench and pilot scale plants [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Schmieder¹,

Abeln²

1999

Chem. Eng. Technol.

127

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The oxidation of harmful organic compounds contained in aqueous waste effluents known as super critical water oxidation, SCWO, has been worked out since the 1980s. This highly efficient end of the pipe process operates at pressures and temperatures above 221 bar and 374 C, the critical point of water. R&D experience and the technological state including economical and regulatory aspects are reviewed and further R&D needs are discussed in this article. Future applications are also seen in coupling supercritical CO 2 extraction with oxidation to treat contaminated materials and in supercritical water gasification, SCWG, to convert biomass and organic wastes to hydrogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Schmieder¹,

Abeln²

1999

Chem. Eng. Technol.

127

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“…Optimal supercritical conditions can be experimentally derived and aided by models to induce the ideal combination of temperature, pressure, and residence time [18]. System optimization, however, involves maximizing the desired output (energy or organic destruction), while reducing reaction times to minutes or seconds versus the hours required for similar results in subcritical water [19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cogeneration of renewable energy from biomass (utilization of municipal solid waste as electricity production: gasification method)

Tilahun

Sahu

Kotha

et al. 2015

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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Recycling and utilization of waste is one of the key parameters of environmental issue. For this issue supercritical waste gasification has impactive impression, which has capability to convert the waste into marketable by-product. Adding catalysts or oxidants to supercritical waste gasifier can further reduce operating costs by creating self-sustaining reactions under mild conditions with even shorter residence times. The hydrogen produced by this process will be utilized for generating electricity using fuel cell technology. Besides, alkaline fuel cells appear to be an important technology in the future as they can operate at a high efficiency. Therefore, the combination of biomass gasification through supercritical water with alkaline fuel cells represents one of the most potential applications for highly efficient utilization of biomass. The main aim of the study is to recover energy from waste using alkaline fuel cell. With the different operation conditions 88.8 % of hydrogen and 45 % of carbon dioxide, maximum power density 9.24 W/cm 2 was obtained.

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“…Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), [31][32][33][34][35] organic synthesis, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] hydrogen production and upgrading of heavy crude oil, [45][46][47][48] and supercritical water reactor 49,50 have been proposed as SCW applications. As SCW applications tend to be under extremely high corrosive conditions (e.g., high temperature and high pressure, high or low pH, oxidizing or reducing environment, existence of chloride ion, etc.…”

Section: Environmentally Assisted Cracking Of Iron-and Nickel-based Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For testing in the SCW environment, it is important to enhance the capability of testing EAC, as well as to generate reliable data in the environment up to 30 MPa of pressure and 600°C. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] To achieve both high performance and extended component life for industrial applications, it is crucial to evaluate EAC resistance along with material development, component design, and manufacture processing. The root cause of failure and the key factors affecting the engineering life of components must be identified by testing not only small specimens but also component-level performance.…”

Section: Industry-directed Research and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Industrial Perspective on Environmentally Assisted Cracking of Some Commercially Used Carbon Steels and Corrosion-Resistant Alloys

Ashida¹,

Daigo

Sugahara

2017

JOM

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Commercial metals and alloys like carbon steels, stainless steels, and nickelbased super alloys frequently encounter the problem of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) and resulting failure in engineering components. This article aims to provide a perspective on three critical industrial applications having EAC issues: (1) corrosion and cracking of carbon steels in automotive applications, (2) EAC of iron-and nickel-based alloys in salt production and processing, and (3) EAC of iron-and nickel-based alloys in supercritical water. The review focuses on current industrial-level understanding with respect to corrosion fatigue, hydrogen-assisted cracking, or stress corrosion cracking, as well as the dominant factors affecting crack initiation and propagation. Furthermore, some ongoing industrial studies and directions of future research are also discussed.

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Supercritical water oxidation: an engineering update

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Cogeneration of renewable energy from biomass (utilization of municipal solid waste as electricity production: gasification method)

An Industrial Perspective on Environmentally Assisted Cracking of Some Commercially Used Carbon Steels and Corrosion-Resistant Alloys

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