Supercritical Treatment of Xenogenic Bone Matrix in the Manufacture of Implants for Osteosynthesis

Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Vancomycin-Containing Antibacterial Polysaccharide Gels for Biocomposite Bone Implant Impregnation

“…The cleaning of bovine bone matrix (BM), obtained from cortical or cancellous bone of Holstein breed cows, was conducted using the method developed at the N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics (Moscow, Russia) . Bone blocks of 7 × 7 × 7 mm 3 were cleaned by multiple consecutive washings.…”

“…Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics (Moscow, Russia). 11 Bone blocks of 7 × 7 × 7 mm 3 were cleaned by multiple consecutive washings. Cellular elements were removed using a heparin solution, protein contaminants were washed off in a solution of proteolytic enzymes and SDS, and remnants of fatty and protein components were removed by consecutive extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus with acetone for 8 h, followed by pentane extraction for another 8 h. The washed blocks were air-dried in a sterile block at room temperature for 12 h. The residual solvent was removed under vacuum for 40 min at 10 Torr.…”

“…Various products are used, ranging from large rigid bone blocks in the form of vertebrae to flexible, elastic membranes of the demineralized bone matrix in spinal surgery. Orthopedics and traumatology use a wide range of materials from large implants, spheres, bone gravel, and crumbs to fine-dispersive injectable dental pastes for filling small defects. , Research and extensive practice in recent decades have shown that high tissue compatibility and low immunogenicity of fine-porous cortical and coarse-porous cancellous bovine bone can be achieved by careful multistage washing with finishing treatment using carbon dioxide in supercritical state. − However, mere biocompatibility is insufficient. For successful utilization, grafts require pharmacological functions. , Like living transplants, they must resist infection, suppress inflammation, stimulate wound healing, and initiate bone growth, with each function predominating at different periods after implantation. , Additionally, all diverse implants have a common property: they are intended for localized application strictly at the site of bone defect.…”

Gel Based on Hydroxyethyl Starch with Immobilized Amikacin for Coating of Bone Matrices in Experimental Osteomyelitis Treatment

“…The bovine bone matrix (BBM) was obtained from the long bones of Holstein cows at a local slaughterhouse. Purification of BBM was carried out according to the method previously described at the N. N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics. Briefly, 10 × 10 × 10 mm BBM was purified from fat and protein components in a Soxhlet apparatus by extraction with acetone for 8 h and pentane for another 8 h. After extraction, the bone blocks were air-dried at room temperature for 12 h. The residual solvent was removed under a vacuum (40 min at 10 mmHg).…”