Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Bal 150 Crude Oil Asphaltenes

Abstract

Supercritical fluid extractions (SFE) from BAL 150 asphaltenes were achieved with carbon dioxide as solvent under various experimental conditions (pressure, temperature, extraction time, and presence of cosolvent). SFE yields were between 5 and 12% of total asphaltenes. Extracts contained mainly linear alkanes (with chain lengths ranging from C14 to C30), various branched alkanes, and a multitude of complex branched and cyclic alkanes as shown by the GC/MS chromatograms. Many aromatic hydrocarbons, heteroaromatic compounds and their methyl derivatives, and polar compounds were also extracted. The best balance between rapid and efficient extraction was obtained for an extraction time of 60 min. Within the range of the study (40−50 °C), the temperature did not show a marked influence upon the extraction efficiency. Pressure and presence of cosolvent appeared to be the major parameters. Increasing pressure (from 130 to 300 bar) yielded to preferential extraction of heavy n-alkanes, more branched and cyclic alkanes, and aromatics. The comparison of extractions performed with or without cosolvent (toluene and dichloromethane) under the same conditions of time and temperature showed that heavier n-alkanes, more highly branched alkanes, and complex cyclic alkanes (biomarkers) were recovered with modifiers.

Extraction of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil Tank Bottom Sludges using Supercritical Ethane

“…It has been found that, despite the polar nature of asphaltenes carbon dioxide is able to extract them from crude oil (28). However, in this work we did not determine if some asphaltenes present in the original Isthmus COTBS were extracted by supercritical ethane.…”

GC-MS, FTIR and 1H ,13C NMR Structural Analysis and Identification of Phenolic Compounds in Olive Mill Wastewater Extracted from Oued Oussefrou Effluent (Beni Mellal-Morocco)

“…The high band intensity at 1232 cm −1 corresponds to the stretching vibration of C ar -O aromatic and/or in plane deformation of CO 2 H in carboxylic acids or unsaturated ethers [37][38][39][40]. The absorption band at 1114 cm −1 corresponds to the vibrations in ether (C sp3 -O-C ar ), alcohols (C sp3 -OH), C sp3 -OH of the carboxylic acids and C sp3 -O of ester [50] as well the large peak around 1040 cm −1 due to carbohydrates of polysaccharides [43,[51][52]. The 900-700 cm −1 range corresponds to the out of plane deformation in substituted phenolic [44], polar compounds and rocking of longue chains -(CH 2 ) n -.…”

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of petroleum on kieselguhr

“…The efficiency of CO 2 SFE crude oil extraction varied considerably with operating conditions: extraction mode (dynamic or static), solvent modifiers, and operating temperature and pressure [14]. Among these operating parameters, process temperature and pressure are predominant to extraction yield [15][16][17]. Although high pressure and low temperature are the preferred operating conditions for most CO 2 SFE systems, high temperature appeared to increase recovery of hydrocarbons from reservoir.…”