Supercritical CO₂ extraction of grappa volatile compounds

Abstract

A first study on the recovery of aromatic extracts from grappa by means of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) on a laboratory plant has been performed, to obtain aroma extracts at low ethanol content. The influence of extraction parameters like pressure, temperature and flow rate have been studied. Extraction yields have been evaluated for ethanol, higher alcohols and esters of short and medium chain acids. A higher aroma volatile compounds extraction has been obtained when the strongest extraction condition has been considered (200 bar, 60°C, 0.3 kg h )1 ). Sensory evaluation has indicated as preferred the extract obtained under mild condition (80 bar, 40°C, 0.3 kg h )1 ).

Chemical Characterization of Craft Filuferru Spirit from Sardinia, Italy

“…By the comparison with the literature data for Grappa [14,[18][19][20][21][22][23], it is evident that the craft Filuferru contains higher amounts of all compounds quantified in this study. Extending the comparison between the volatile composition of Filuferru and Grappa to similar European distillates from grape marc, like the Portuguese Bagaceira and the Spanish Orujo [18], the average amount of acetaldehyde found in craft Filuferru is really elevated (3640 mg dm −3 of 100% ethanol), exceeding several times the maximum amount allowed in these Countries for the relevant spirits (i.e., 1000 mg dm −3 of 100% ethanol).…”

“…Filuferrusample, here considered only for comparison purposes; d average values calculated before rounding made for harmonizing the number of significant digits of each analytical data according the relevant uncertainty; e data from refs[14,[18][19][20][21][22][23]]; f analyte not previously quantified in this matrix.…”

Chemical characterization of craft Filuferru spirit from Sardinia, Italy

“…By the comparison with literature data for Grappa [14,[18][19][20][21][22] it is evident that the craft Filuferru contains higher amounts of all compounds quantified in this study. Extending the comparison between the volatile composition of Filuferru and Grappa to similar European distillates from grape marc like the Portuguese Bagaceira and the Spanish Orujo [18], the average amount of acetaldehyde found in craft Filuferru is really impressive (3640 mg dm -3 of absolute ethanol), exceeding several times the maximum amount allowed in these Countries for the relevant spirits (i.e.…”

Comparative study between Italian and Spanish grape marc spirits in terms of major volatile compounds

“…The presence and concentration of the major volatile compounds (higher alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ethyl esters and acetates) in the distillate depends primary on the fermentation and storage conditions and distillation techniques of the grape marc. Notable studies were conducted by Da Porto on Grappas, both in regard to volatile composition (Da Porto, 1998;Da Porto & Decorti, 2009) storage (Da Porto, 2002) and distillation of the raw material (Da Porto & Decorti, 2008), aimed to obtain a better final quality product. Similar studies were carried out in Orujo distillates from Galicia, focused on characterising (Cortés, Fernández, Otero, & Salgado, 2009;Cortés, Gil, & Fernández, 2005;Diéguez, de la Peña, & Gómez, 2005), typifying (Diéguez, de la Peña, & Gómez, 2003) and improving storage conditions and distillation of raw materials Cortés, Gil, & Fernández, 2001;Cortés, Gil, et al, 2009;Cortés, Rodríguez, Salgado, & Domínguez, 2010).…”