Supercritical carbon dioxide decellularized porcine cartilage graft with PRP attenuated OA progression and regenerated articular cartilage in ACLT‐induced OA rats

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative articular disorder and considered one of the primary causes of pain and functional disability. Knee OA is prevalent in 10% of men and 13% of women aged 60 years above. The study aims to use cartilage tissue engineering that combines the triads of decellularized porcine cartilage graft as “scaffold,” plasma rich platelet (PRP) as “signal” and chondrocytes from rat as “cell” to attenuate ACLT‐induced OA progression and regenerate the knee cartilage in rats. Decellularization of the porcine cartilage was characterized by hematoxylin and eosin, 4,6‐Diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining, scanning electron microscopy and residual DNA quantification. The protective effect of decellularized porcine cartilage graft (dPCG) was evaluated by intra‐articular administration in surgically induced anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat osteoarthritis (OA) model. Supercritical carbon dioxide technology completely decellularized the porcine cartilage. Intra‐articular administration of dPCG with or without PRP significantly reduced the ACLT‐induced OA symptoms and attenuated the OA progression. Pain‐relief by dPCG with or without PRP was assessed by capacitance meter and improved articular cartilage damage in the rat knee was characterized by X‐ray and micro‐CT. Besides, the histological analysis depicted cartilage protection by dPCG with or without PRP. The repairation and attenuation effect by dPCG with or without PRP in the articular knee cartilage damage were also explored by safranin‐O, type II collagen, aggrecan and SOX‐9 immuno‐staining. To conclude, intra‐articular administration of dPCG with or without PRP is efficient in repairing the damaged cartilage in the experimental OA model.

Collagen type II solution extracted from supercritical carbon dioxide decellularized porcine cartilage: regenerative efficacy on post-traumatic osteoarthritis model

“…Porcine cartilage graft (PCG) was decellularized using supercritical CO 2 extraction technology to produce decellularized porcine cartilage graft (dPCG). Production, characterization and biocompatibility of dPCG were established and published (Wu et al 2021 ; Hsieh et al 2020 ). The dPCG was digested in 0.01N hydrochloric acid containing one milligramme per millilitre of pepsin.…”

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Facilitated Collagen Scaffold Production for Tissue Engineering

“…The repair and attenuation effect were proved by dPCG in the articular knee cartilage damage as evidenced by safranin-O, type II collagen, aggrecan, and SOX-9 immuno-staining. To conclude, intra-articular administration of dPCG with or without PRP is efficient in repairing the damaged cartilage in the experimental OA model [41]. A 3D composite was constructed using SCCO 2 -dPCG that promotes chondrogenic marker expression in vitro.…”

Progress of Platelet Derivatives for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

“…The composite mimics the natural niche for chondrocytes and accelerated the regeneration of full-thickness osteochondral defects in mini-pigs. A similar system without cell transplantation was used through intra-articular administration in a rat OA model and proved efficient in cartilage repair ( Wu et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The release of GFs varied from material to material, while all prolonged to more than 35 days. In some strategies with particle materials involved as previously mentioned, platelet derivatives are not only used as bioactive agent sources for biological promotion but also as a material to establish links between the particles and provide at least part of the mechanical support ( Santo et al, 2015 ; Filova et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2021 ).…”