Superconductivity Behavior in Epitaxial 
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 Films Points to Surface Magnetic Disorder

Saveskul, N.A.; Titova, N.; Baeva, E.M.; Semenov, Aleksander V.; Лубенченко, А. В.; Saha, Soham; Reddy, Harsha; Bogdanov, Simeon; Marinero, Ernesto E.; Shalaev, Vladimir M.; Chaudhuri, Krishnakali; Khrapai, V. S.; Кардакова, А. И.; Gol’tsman, G.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.12.054001

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Depending on the external parameters like annealing temperature, film thickness, pressure etc., the preferential growth may occur between the nitride and silicide phases [6] and the majority phase dominates strongly over the minority so that distinctive characteristic properties from the former can be explored while keeping the latter unaffected. For instance, some of the characteristic properties, such as superconductivity [12,13], plasmonic [14][15][16], biocompatibility [17] and coating [18,19] related properties that are possessed by TiN, can be explored if it is obtained as the majority phase governing the properties of the whole composite system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface study of thermally driven chemical kinetics involved in Ti/Si3N4 based metal-substrate assembly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Yadav

Sahoo

2021

Applied Surface Science

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Diffusion mediated interaction in metal-substrate assembly during high temperature annealing leads to possible formation of new composite materials. Here, sputtered grown Ti films on Si3N4/Si substrate has been reported to produce titanium nitride and silicide based binary composites while undergoing high vacuum annealing process at temperatures 650°C and above. Diffusion of thermally decomposed Si and N atoms from Si3N4 and their subsequent chemical reaction with Ti have been probed by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. For annealing at 800°C and above, most of the Si atoms show preferences to stay in elemental form rather than developing silicide phase with Ti. Whereas at lower annealing temperature, silicide becomes the dominant phase for decomposed Si atoms. However, N atoms react promptly with Ti and form TiN which appears as the majority phase for each of the studied annealing temperature. Further, the nitride and silicide phases across the films have been compared quantitatively for various annealing temperature and the maximum silicide formation is observed for the sample annealed at 780°C. Finally, the thermally anchored metal-substrate interaction mechanism can be exploited to fabricate disordered superconducting TiN films where TiSi2 and Si can be used to tune the level of disorder by altering the annealing temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface study of thermally driven chemical kinetics involved in Ti/Si3N4 based metal-substrate assembly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Yadav

Sahoo

2021

Applied Surface Science

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“…Scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies typically find spatial variations in  of the order of  = 10 to 20% in moderately disordered superconductors (25)(26)(27).  gets smaller in very clean superconductors; however, even in exceptionally clean films with negligible intrinsic magnetic disorder, an ever-present surface spin density of the order of ∼5 × 10 17 m −2 (2,28,29) results in both flux noise (2,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) and spatially nonuniform gap suppression (28). In thin films, the gap is also nonuniformly suppressed by the Altshuler-Aronov effect due to impurity scattering (25,34) as well as thickness variations (35), particularly relevant for Al (36), where recent experiments also reveal subgap states and charge localization across multiple grains (37).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-level systems in superconducting quantum devices due to trapped quasiparticles

et al. 2020

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A major issue for the implementation of large-scale superconducting quantum circuits is the interaction with interfacial two-level system (TLS) defects that lead to qubit parameter fluctuations and relaxation. Another major challenge comes from nonequilibrium quasiparticles (QPs) that result in qubit relaxation and dephasing. Here, we reveal a previously unexplored decoherence mechanism in the form of a new type of TLS originating from trapped QPs, which can induce qubit relaxation. Using spectral, temporal, thermal, and magnetic field mapping of TLS-induced fluctuations in frequency tunable resonators, we identify a highly coherent subset of the general TLS population with a low reconfiguration temperature ∼300 mK and a nonuniform density of states. These properties can be understood if the TLS are formed by QPs trapped in shallow subgap states formed by spatial fluctutations of the superconducting order parameter. This implies that even very rare QP bursts will affect coherence over exponentially long time scales.

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“…Variations in wire cross sections can easily emerge as a result of imperfect lithography defining the nanowires as well as from uncontrolled oxidation of the superconducting material or thickness variations. A similar dispersion in phase slip rate can originate from both intrinsic fluctuations of the order parameter close to the superconductor-insulator transition [33] or due to external magnetic moments and defects locally modifying the order parameter [47]. Nonequilibrium quasiparticles will also contribute to fluctuations in the phase slip rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dual Fraunhofer interference and charge fluctuations in long quantum phase slip wires

Graaf

2020

Phys. Rev. B

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Charge interference (Aharonov-Casher effect) in a long superconducting quantum phase slip wire is considered, and from this the "dual" Fraunhofer interference effect (dual to the critical current modulation of a short Josephson junction in an external magnetic field) is derived. The device that can be used to observe this effect is proposed. Furthermore, the impact of wire inhomogeneities, charge disorder, and noise on the phase slip amplitude is investigated. Although intrinsically protected against small fluctuations, the Aharonov-Casher interference resulting from jumps of random offset charges and quasiparticles can result in significant fluctuations of the measured current-voltage characteristics of the quantum phase slip wire, similar to the effects of Joule heating when averaged out over many fluctuations. Possible ways to identify and mitigate such disorder are discussed.

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Superconductivity Behavior in Epitaxial TiN Films Points to Surface Magnetic Disorder

Cited by 22 publications

References 60 publications

Interface study of thermally driven chemical kinetics involved in Ti/Si3N4 based metal-substrate assembly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Interface study of thermally driven chemical kinetics involved in Ti/Si3N4 based metal-substrate assembly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Two-level systems in superconducting quantum devices due to trapped quasiparticles

Dual Fraunhofer interference and charge fluctuations in long quantum phase slip wires

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