Superconducting Vortex-Charge Measurement Using Cavity Electromechanics

Abstract

As the magnetic field penetrates the surface of a superconductor, it results in the formation of flux vortices. It has been predicted that the flux vortices will have a charged vortex core and create a dipolelike electric field. Such a charge trapping in vortices is particularly enhanced in high-T c superconductors (HTS). Here, we integrate a mechanical resonator made of a thin flake of HTS Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ into a microwave circuit to realize a cavityelectromechanical device. Due to the exquisite sensitivity of cavitybased devices to the external forces, we directly detect the charges in the flux vortices by measuring the electromechanical response of the mechanical resonator. Our measurements reveal the strength of surface electric dipole moment due to a single vortex core to be approximately 30 |e|a B , equivalent to a vortex charge per CuO 2 layer of 3.7 × 10 −2 |e|, where a B is the Bohr radius and e is the electronic charge.

Sliding nanomechanical resonators

“…Applying a magnetic field to CrI3 resonators and sweeping the field up and down also yields a resonant frequency loop due to magnetostriction 25 . In superconducting resonators, applying a magnetic field creates a Lorentz force on vortices that stresses the lattice, producing frequency loops as the field is swept up and down 26 . In these three examples, frequency loops signal an unconventional coupling between field and strain whose origin is a hysteretic subsystem embedded within the resonator.…”

Role of surface‐active materials (amphiphiles and surfactants) in the formation of nanocolloidal dispersions, and their applications

“…A few current references are presented for readers' comprehension (Green et al, 2022; Sahu et al, 2022).…”

“…Detailed discussion on other specific areas is beyond the scope of this review. For enriching the readers knowledge, several nanosystem based applications are A few current references are presented for readers' comprehension (Green et al, 2022;Sahu et al, 2022).…”

Superconducting Cavity-Based Sensing of Band Gaps in 2D Materials

“…Superconducting coplanar waveguide (SCPW) cavities are structures designed to confine and manipulate electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies, which are widely used in diverse areas like coupling to superconducting qubit for readout, − parametric amplifiers, , bolometers, , fast charge sensing of quantum dots, studying the magnon–photon interaction in van der Waals magnets, , studying the interaction with a spin ensemble, − and studying nanomechanical devices. − The SCPW cavities when operated at a resonant frequency are very sensitive and find applications in detecting small changes in the electromagnetic field , and radiation . Consequently, SCPW cavities offer powerful and sensitive tools for investigating the electronic properties of van der Waals materials.…”