Superconducting terahertz metamaterials mimicking electromagnetically induced transparency

Wu, Jingbo; Jin, Biaobing; Wan, Jie; Liu, Liang; Zhang, Yonggang; Jia, Tao; Cao, Chunhong; Kang, Lin; Xu, Wei; Chen, Jian; Wu, Peiheng

doi:10.1063/1.3653242

Cited by 101 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Superconducting metamaterials, resulting either from bare replacement of the metallic parts employed in conventional metamaterials by superconducting ones [37,12,11,38,39,40,41,42], or by constructing hybrid structures comprising superconducting components [43,44,45,46,47,48,14,49], or even by incoprorating the Josephson effect as in arrays of SQUIDs [50,18,19,32,24], have been already proposed and/or demonstrated experimentally. Their operation frequency spans a huge range, from zero [51,52,53,54] to microwaves [55,18,56,19,32] and to Terahertz [11,12,37,57,38,39,40,15,58,59,41,42] and visible [45] frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wide-band tuneability, nonlinear transmission, and dynamic multistability in SQUID metamaterials

2014

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Superconducting metamaterials comprising rf SQUIDs (Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices) have been recently realized and investigated with respect to their tuneability, permeability and dynamic multistability properties. These properties are a consequence of intrinsic nonlinearities due to the sensitivity of the superconducting state to external stimuli. SQUIDs, made of a superconducting ring interrupted by a Josephson junction, possess yet another source of nonlinearity, which makes them widely tuneable with an applied dc dlux. A model SQUID metamaterial, based on electric equivalent circuits, is used in the weak coupling approximation to demonstrate the dc flux tuneability, dynamic multistability, and nonlinear transmission in SQUID metamaterials comprising non-hysteretic SQUIDs. The model equations reproduce the experimentally observed tuneability patterns, and predict tuneability with the power of an applied ac magnetic magnetic field. Moreover, the results indicate the opening of nonlinear frequency bands for energy transmission through SQUID metamaterials, for sufficiently strong ac fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their operation frequency spans a huge range, from zero [51,52,53,54] to microwaves [55,18,56,19,32] and to Terahertz [11,12,37,57,38,39,40,15,58,59,41,42] and visible [45] frequencies. Moreover, researchers rely on particular superconducting devices to access the trully quantum metamaterial regime [30,60,61,62,63].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-band tuneability, nonlinear transmission, and dynamic multistability in SQUID metamaterials

2014

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“…In Refs. [26][27][28][29], the authors realized active tuning of EIT-like effect through temperature control or changing the incident angle. However, we find that the frequency range of transparency window of EIT-like metamaterials can not be tuned when varying the incident angle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2008, Zhang et al demonstrated that a metamaterial molecule composed of a pair of "bright" and "dark" resonators can serve as a three-level "atom" with EIT-like properties, which was experimentally investigated by Giessen et al, soon [14][15][16]. Metallic fish-scals, U-shaped structure, ring resonators and some other structures were also employed to illustrate the EITlike slow light effect in metamaterials [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Especially, in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, metamaterial, as an artificial subwavelength structure, exhibits lots of unique properties and has many extraordinary applications [11][12][13]. In recent years, metamaterial analogy of EIT phenomenon has also attracted considerable attention and various structures have been proposed [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In 2008, Zhang et al demonstrated that a metamaterial molecule composed of a pair of "bright" and "dark" resonators can serve as a three-level "atom" with EIT-like properties, which was experimentally investigated by Giessen et al, soon [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage Control of Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency-Like Effect in Metamaterials Based on Microstrip System

Feng¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2014

PIER Letters

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Abstract-The tuning of electromagnetically-induced-transparency-like (EIT-like) phenomenon in metamaterials based on microstrip system is investigated. The tunability of EIT-like effect mainly arises from the controllable elements of varactor diodes loading on the "dark" resonators of EIT-like metamaterials. The results show that the frequency range of transparency window of our EIT-like metamaterials can be continuously and reversibly adjusted along with the varying external voltages applied on the varactor diodes. Moreover, the transmittance maximum hardly changes with the shift of transparency window. Such tunable EIT-like metamaterials may be applied in tunable slow-wave filters and switch devices.

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Multilayer Graphene:Polycrystalline ITO for Ultralow‐Power Active Control of Polarization‐Insensitive, Metamaterial‐Induced Transparency

Zhang

et al. 2014

Advanced Optical Materials

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COMMUNICATION devices based on graphene. Much attention has been paid to electrically tunable metamaterials using wonderful conductivity of graphene. [13][14][15][16][17] This has greatly restricted the practical applications of metamaterial-induced transparency.Here we report realizations of polarization-insensitive metamaterial-induced transparency, and ultrafast and ultralowpower all-optical active control simultaneously. Gold nanoprism trimer was used as the meta-molecule. Owing to the symmetrical confi guration of the meta-molecule, perfect metamaterial-induced transparency effect was obtained when the incident light polarization was varied. The metamaterial was composed of gold nanoprism trimer arrays covered with multilayer-graphene micro-sheets, coated on a high-conductivity polycrystalline indium-tin oxide (ITO) layer. The obstacle of extremely faint interaction between light and graphene, originating from the ultrathin thickness of only 0.34 nm of a single layer graphene, [ 18 ] was overcome by utilizing strong plasmonic resonances of metamaterial and multilayer-graphene microsheets, which contributes to the tremendous nonlinearity enhancement of the graphene cover layer. Zhu et al. pointed out that the third-order optical nonlinearity of polycrystalline ITO layer can be enhanced greatly owing to the strong quantum confi nement effect provided by the nanoscale crystal grains of polycrystalline ITO. [ 9 ] Traviss et al. also noted that under excitation of a femtosecond pump laser the hot-electron injection from gold meta-molecules to polycrystalline ITO also offers a huge dedication to the nonlinearity enhancement of polycrystalline ITO. [ 19 ] Moreover, the fi eld reinforcement provided by plasmonic resonances also devotes to the nonlinearity enhancement of polycrystalline ITO. [ 9 ] Therefore, the metamaterial can provide a very large third-order nonlinear susceptibility because of enormous nonlinearity enhancement of graphene and polycrystalline ITO, which ensures an ultralow pump intensity of 4 kW/cm 2 . A large tunable range of 150 nm in the central wavelength of the transparency window was also realized. An ultrafast response time of 25.3 ps was maintained simultaneously due to the fast relaxation dynamics of carriers in polycrystalline ITO. Compared with previous reports, the threshold pump intensity is reduced by six orders of magnitude, while an ultrafast response time of several picoseconds order and a large tuning range in the central wavelength of the transparency window is maintained. This work not only offers a way to constructing photonic materials with a large third-order optical nonlinearity and ultrafast time response simultaneously, but also opens up the possibility for realizing quantum solid chips and ultrafast integrated photonic devices based on metamaterials.

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Superconducting terahertz metamaterials mimicking electromagnetically induced transparency

Cited by 101 publications

References 24 publications

Wide-band tuneability, nonlinear transmission, and dynamic multistability in SQUID metamaterials

Wide-band tuneability, nonlinear transmission, and dynamic multistability in SQUID metamaterials

Voltage Control of Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency-Like Effect in Metamaterials Based on Microstrip System

Multilayer Graphene:Polycrystalline ITO for Ultralow‐Power Active Control of Polarization‐Insensitive, Metamaterial‐Induced Transparency

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