Supercapacitors boost the fuel cell car

Gassmann, Fritz; Kötz, R.; Wokaun, Alexander

doi:10.1051/epn:2003502

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some final clarifications are in order: i) in our simulations, each cluster diffuse with a probability which is independent from its size. The good agreement obtained with the experimental data, see (5), using such assumption could be explained by the fact that larger clusters loose their energy slower than smaller clusters, thus compensating their smaller mobility; ii) the diffusive model used in our simulations, the Diffusion Limited Cluster Aggregation (DLCA), 20 have been widely used in describing fractal formation in vapour phase epitaxy. 22,23 In this case fractal structures are composed of single atoms which are adsorbed on the surface from the gas phase, in vacuum and at very low temperature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…This confirms that fractal dimension is not very sensitive to the specific mechanism of fractal formation. On the other side, the area distribution obtained with the size dependent diffusion model (see 5), does not agree with experimental data: the area distribution is more uniform with a lower number of smaller clusters and a larger number of big clusters with respect to the experimental data. These features are common to any size dependent diffusion mechanism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…3 The realization of fractal nanostructures would also allow enhancing the selectivity behavior of catalyst material with high porosity 4 or to increase the performances of super-capacitors. 5 Understanding the mechanism of fractal nanostructures formation with the aid of theoretical models is an essential step towards building engineered microdevices with tailored properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Celardo

Archetti

Ferrini

et al. 2017

Mater. Res. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The specific mechanisms which leads to the formation of fractal nanostructures by pulsed laser deposition remain elusive despite intense research efforts, motivated mainly by the technological interest in obtaining tailored nanostructures with simple and scalable production methods. Here we focus on fractal nanostructures of titanium dioxide, TiO 2 , a strategic material for many applications, obtained by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions. We model the fractal formation through extensive Monte Carlo simulations based on a set of minimal assumptions: irreversible sticking and size independent diffusion. Our model is able to reproduce the fractal dimensions and the area distributions of the nanostructures ob- Introduction.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Celardo

Archetti

Ferrini

et al. 2017

Mater. Res. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3 These advantages enable supercapacitors to be combined with rechargeable batteries and fuel cells in electric vehicles to reduce the pollution from combustion of fuel in automotive systems. [4][5][6] There are two types of supercapacitors which are currently under investigation: the electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and the redox supercapacitors. The energy storage mechanism is different in each type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(p-phenylenediamine)/graphene nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herein, we report new nanocomposite materials based on poly(pphenylenediamine) (PpPD) and hydrogen exfoliated graphene (HEG) sheets as efficient binder-free electrode materials for supercapacitors. The nanocomposites are synthesized via chemical oxidative polymerization of a para-phenyldiamine monomer in the presence of graphene sheets in acidic medium. The initial weight ratio of monomer to graphene is varied to get nanocomposites of different polymer to graphene weight ratios. The electrochemical performances of these nanocomposites as a supercapacitor electrode are investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques in two electrode configuration. The nanocomposite with polymer to graphene weight ratio 1 : 2 shows a maximum specific capacitance of 248 F g À1 at a specific current density of 2 A g À1 and also demonstrates high rate capability. The maximum energy density of the fabricated symmetrical supercapacitor cells based on the mass of active electrodes is calculated to be 8.6 W h kg À1 and 5.8 W h kg À1 at a power density of 0.5 kW kg À1 and 5 kW kg À1 , respectively. The nanocomposites retain 72% of their initial capacitance after 1000 cycles of chargedischarge at a high specific current density of 10 A g À1 .

show abstract

“…7 To increase the efficiency of these processes through material engineering, routes such as tailoring the absorption edge of the material in the visible light range 3,8−10 or maximization of the effective surface area by nanostructured materials are available. 11,12 A fundamental contribution to the latter may come from realization of fractal materials 13 with nano-and mesoscopic pores or by hierarchical organization of nanostructures. 11,12 The realization of a high surface to volume ratio nanomaterial would allow enhancing the selectivity behavior of catalyst material with high porosity 14 or the capacity of a condenser by exploiting the fractal arrangement of nanostructures.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal TiO₂ Nanostructures by Nonthermal Laser Ablation at Ambient Pressure

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fractal TiO 2 nanostructures in crystalline form are obtained at ambient pressure and temperature by pulsed laser deposition with femtosecond pulses. The synthesized structures have been studied by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. We show that the dendritic aggregations deposited on silicon wafers at room temperature are fractals. They are composed by nanoparticles with an average diameter in a range below 20 nm, with the presence of larger nanoparticles with a diameter above 50 nm. We demonstrate that the fractal dimension and area can be tuned by varying laser fluence and sample/target distance. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy shows that the as-deposited nanostructures are TiO 2 while Raman spectroscopy reveals that the crystalline structure of fractals and nanoparticles are composed either by rutile or anatase phase, with a dominant relative concentration of anatase. We discuss possible mechanism of fractals and nanoparticles formation in comparison with the literature results.

show abstract

Supercapacitors boost the fuel cell car

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Poly(p-phenylenediamine)/graphene nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications

Fractal TiO₂ Nanostructures by Nonthermal Laser Ablation at Ambient Pressure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Supercapacitors boost the fuel cell car

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO2 nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO2 nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Poly(p-phenylenediamine)/graphene nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications

Fractal TiO2 Nanostructures by Nonthermal Laser Ablation at Ambient Pressure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Evidence of diffusive fractal aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles by femtosecond laser ablation at ambient conditions

Fractal TiO₂ Nanostructures by Nonthermal Laser Ablation at Ambient Pressure