Superb exposure of a channel, levee and overbank complex in an ancient deep-water slope environment

Cronin, Bryan T.; Hurst, Andrew; Çelik, Hasan; Türkmen, İbrahim

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(00)00008-7

Cited by 62 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The vertical stacking of channels is attributed to the flow confinement by intrabasinal growth-fold synclines, probably related to blind thrusts (see later text). Similar nested channels, although not necessarily filled with similar facies, have been described by Cronin et al (2000b), Kolla et al (2001), McCaffrey et al (2002 and Grecula et al (2003b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Some palaeochannels occur as remnants. A similar style of channel nesting, attributed to topographic confinement, has been described from modern (Kolla et al, 2001;Posamentier & Kolla, 2003) and ancient turbiditic systems (Cronin et al, 2000b;Grecula et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Morphodynamics Of the Turbiditic Systemsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The depositional setting of the Kusuri Formation resembles to some extent the settings of many other turbiditic systems, fed mainly or solely by river deltas (Van Vliet, 1978Labaume et al, 1985;Sinclair, 1992Sinclair, , 1997Sinclair, , 2000Bryn, 1998;Nakajima et al, 1998;Dreyer et al, 1999;Winkler & Gawenda, 1999;Avramidis et al, 2000;Cronin et al, 2000b;Haughton, 2000;Saito & Ito, 2002;Sinclair & Tomasso, 2002;Grecula et al, 2003a,b;Lien et al, 2003;Takano et al, 2005). However, the Kusuri turbiditic system differs from most of these systems, which also themselves show great morphodynamic variation.…”

Section: Depositional Settingmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The channels would thus be in the middle range of sinuous channel dimensions reported from modern and ancient submarine fans (e.g. Flood & Damuth, 1987;Clark et al, 1992;Cronin, 1995;Damuth et al, 1995Damuth et al, , 1998Cronin et al, 2000b;Kolla et al, 2001;Abreu et al, 2003;Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Lomas & Joseph, 2004). However, the channel depth/width ratios of 1/15 to 1/19 would appear to be lower than the approximate average of 1/10 indicated by a worldwide dataset compiled by Clark & Pickering (1996) and much lower than, for example, the aspect ratio of 1/7.5 reported by Abreu et al (2003) from the offshore Angola channels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the diagnostic value of the CCC turbidite facies has recently been questioned (Cronin et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Facies Anatomy of a Sand‐Rich Channelized Turbiditic System: The Eocene Kusuri Formation in the Sinop Basin, North‐Central Turkey

Janbu

Nemec

Kirman

et al. 2007

Sedimentary Processes, Environments and Basins

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This study focuses on a basin-floor turbiditic system in an Eocene foredeep basin, using facies analysis supplemented with micropalaeontological and ichnological data. Sediment dispersal processes are interpreted from sedimentary facies, and the morphogenesis, spatial relationships and stratigraphic distribution of facies associations are used to reconstruct the behaviour and morphodynamic evolution of the turbiditic system. The case study sheds more light on the development of submarine channels and related patterns of overbank sedimentation in narrow foreland basins, and contributes to a better understanding of the geological history of the Central Pontides.The lower to middle Eocene Kusuri Formation in the Sinop Basin, north-central Anatolia, is a succession of siliciclastic turbidites ~1200 m thick, well-exposed on the Turkish Black Sea coast. The deposition occurred in a west-trending foredeep trough of the Central Pontides, ~30 km wide and > 150 km long, and involved a deep-water axial dispersal system supplied with coarse sediment by a fluvio-deltaic feeder draining the emerged adjacent foreland of the Eastern Pontides. Sedimentary facies include hemipelagic 'background' mudstones, thin muddy turbidites and 'classic' Bouma-type turbidites, a wide range of non-classic turbidites attributed to low-and high-density sustained currents, and gravelly debrisflow deposits. These facies form four major associations:1 mudstones interspersed with thin turbidite sheets; 2 broad depositional lobes with thickening-upward bedding trends; 3 poorly defined wide palaeochannels, solitary sinuous palaeochannels and multistorey palaeochannel complexes; 4 packages of thin overbank turbidites with tabular, wedge-shaped or sigmoidal bedding.The first assemblage forms the lowermost and uppermost part of the Kusuri Formation, whereas the others occur in its middle main part. The poorly defined palaeochannels are 20-25 m thick, typically overlie the depositional lobes and are themselves overlain by the sinuous palaeochannels, 20-30 m thick and ≤ 400-500 m wide, which suggests that the former channels tended to evolve into the latter. The sinuous channels show lateral accretion (point bars) indicating meander-bend expansion combined with a marked downstream translation, and their depth/width aspect ratios are much lower than those of many modern submarine channels. The multistorey complexes of sinuous palaeochannels are 100-160 m thick and estimated to be ≤ 3-5 km wide. The vertical stacking of multistorey channels is attributed to the growth of syndepositional blind-thrust anticlines on the basin floor. The overbank facies assemblages indicate basin-wide flows (tabular bed packages),

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Morphodynamics Of the Turbiditic Systemsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Depositional Settingmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the diagnostic value of the CCC turbidite facies has recently been questioned (Cronin et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Facies Anatomy of a Sand‐Rich Channelized Turbiditic System: The Eocene Kusuri Formation in the Sinop Basin, North‐Central Turkey

Janbu

Nemec

Kirman

et al. 2007

Sedimentary Processes, Environments and Basins

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Facies architecture of submarine channel deposits on the western Niger Delta slope: Implications for grain‐size and density stratification in turbidity currents

et al. 2017

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High‐resolution bathymetry, seismic reflection, and piston core data from a submarine channel on the western Niger Delta slope demonstrate that thick, coarse‐grained, amalgamated sands in the channel thalweg/axis transition to thin, fine‐grained, bedded sands and muds in the channel margin. Radiocarbon ages indicate that axis and margin deposits are coeval. Core data show that bed thickness, grain size, and deposition rate strongly decrease with increasing height above channel thalweg and/or distance from channel centerline. A 5 times decrease in bed thickness and 1–2 ψ decrease in grain size are evident over a 20 m elevation change (approximately the elevation difference between axis and margin). A simplified in‐channel sedimentation model that solves vertical concentration and velocity profiles of turbidity currents accurately reproduces the vertical trends in grain size and bed thickness shown in the core data set. The close match between data and model suggests that the vertical distribution of grain size and bed thickness shown in this study is widely applicable and can be used to predict grain size and facies variation in data‐poor areas (e.g., subsurface cores). This study emphasizes that facies models for submarine channel deposits should recognize that grain‐size and thickness trends within contemporaneous axis‐margin packages require a change in elevation above the thalweg. The transition from thick‐bedded, amalgamated, coarser‐grained sands to thin‐bedded, nonamalgamated, finer‐grained successions is primarily a reflection of a change in elevation. Even a relatively small elevation change (e.g., 1 m) is enough to result in a significant change in grain size, bed thickness, and facies.

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Supercritical flows overspilling from bypass‐dominated submarine channels and the development of overbank bedforms

McArthur

Kane²,

Bozetti

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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Overbank deposits of submarine channels are typically thin-bedded, fine-grained and predominantly characterized by a series of sedimentary structures interpreted to record a relatively simple history of waning flow. Here, a new type of bedform indicative of Froude-supercritical flow is reported from successions of thin-bedded turbidites interpreted as channel overbank deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Rosario Formation, Baja California, Mexico. A link is demonstrated between the development of overbank deposits in the form of depositional terraces or internal levees and contemporaneously active sediment transport, bypass and deposition of coarsergrained material in a channel. The overbank bedforms overlie an erosion surface and contain a suite of sedimentary structures indicative of initially Froude-supercritical flow conditions and a progressive waning of flow strength. In some cases, a stacked repetition of facies is interpreted to record a rejuvenation of flow energy. The characteristic sedimentary sequence observed is as follows: (a) long wavelength, low amplitude erosional surface with superimposed scours; (b) antidune backsets; (c) upper stage plane-parallel lamination; (d) subcritical climbing ripples; (e) supercritical climbing ripples; (f) lower stage planar laminated tops; (g) a sharp upper surface.The exact vertical sequence of sedimentary structures encountered varies depending on the point of observation with respect to the bedform crest and distance from the parent channel. The recognition of these distinctive bedforms allows for interpretation of sediment bypass and proximity to a channel thalweg. These bedforms have not hitherto been described and provide a further example of the range of flow processes operating in submarine channel-levee systems, which aids depositional environment interpretation in both subsurface and outcrop studies. K E Y W O R D SBaja California, deep-marine, Rosario Formation, slope channels, turbidity currents, Upper Cretaceous |McARTHUR eT Al.

show abstract

Superb exposure of a channel, levee and overbank complex in an ancient deep-water slope environment

Cited by 62 publications

References 6 publications

Facies Anatomy of a Sand‐Rich Channelized Turbiditic System: The Eocene Kusuri Formation in the Sinop Basin, North‐Central Turkey

Facies Anatomy of a Sand‐Rich Channelized Turbiditic System: The Eocene Kusuri Formation in the Sinop Basin, North‐Central Turkey

Facies architecture of submarine channel deposits on the western Niger Delta slope: Implications for grain‐size and density stratification in turbidity currents

Supercritical flows overspilling from bypass‐dominated submarine channels and the development of overbank bedforms

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