Superantigens. Do they have a role in skin diseases?

Skov, Lone; Baadsgaard, Ole

doi:10.1001/archderm.131.7.829

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There have been a number of cases of PRP associated with infection 13,14 including HIV. 15,16 Therefore, a topical compound, such as imiquimod, that promotes an antiviral cytokine profile could conceivably result in the exacerbation of PRP. Furthermore, although the cytokine profile for PRP is still unknown, imiquimod increases the levels of TNF-α , whose inhibition has led to successful treatment of PRP.…”

Section: Prp Exacerbation With Imiquimod Pharmacology and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pityriasis rubra pilaris exacerbation with topical use of imiquimod

et al. 2008

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The role of immune response modifiers is increasing in the treatment of dermatologic diseases. Imiquimod, a toll-like receptor agonist, results in up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines for improved immune surveillance. Although topical use is generally well-tolerated, imiquimod can potentially result in systemic effects and exacerbate generalized inflammatory papulosquamous diseases of the skin. We report the case of a 67-year-old man who was treated with imiquimod for actinic keratosis and developed fever and a progressive erythematous papulosquamous eruption that was histologically consistent with pityriasis rubra pilaris.

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Section: Prp Exacerbation With Imiquimod Pharmacology and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pityriasis rubra pilaris exacerbation with topical use of imiquimod

et al. 2008

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“…They bind directly to the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule on the antigen‐presenting cell and stimulate T cells that express certain T‐cell receptors. This leads to polyclonal T‐cell activation with release of immune cytokines such as interleukin‐2, which are important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis 5 . Furthermore, streptococcal superantigens can indirectly induce cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) on T cells, thereby facilitating their selective migration from dermal capillaries into the dermis 6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis

et al. 2001

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“…Superantigens activate T-cells through binding to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and interacting with the variable portion of the T-cell receptor beta chain (V␤). 3,4 The subsequent release of cytokines such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha is known to contribute to various conditions in which skin inflammation is a prominent feature, including toxic shock syndrome, mucocutane- ous lymph node syndrome, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Toxic shock syndrome is primarily mediated by the S. aureus superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST1), and affected patients have been found to have a selective expansion of V␤2-positive T-cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Radiation Dermatitis is Related to Staphylococcus Aureus

Hill¹,

Hanson²,

Bogle³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Acute radiation dermatitis commonly occurs following local radiation therapy for various cancers and, when severe, may necessitate disruption of treatment. Intense inflammatory reaction may result in a breakdown of the skin's barrier function and accompanying bacterial colonization. Bacterial superantigens may exacerbate inflammation through activation of T-cells and subsequent cytokine release. We report six cases of severe radiation dermatitis in cancer patients. Four of the six grew pathogenic bacteria, and three had psoriasiform or eczematous reactions at distant sites. Both the radiation dermatitis and the distant cutaneous reactions resolved rapidly on a combination of topical steroids and oral plus topical antibiotic therapy. We suggest that staphylococcal superinfection of acute radiodermatitis intensifies the inflammatory process and hinders repair of the epidermal barrier. Patients with acute radiation dermatitis should be investigated for secondary infection. We emphasize the importance of including topical and oral antibiotic therapy in conjunction with topical corticosteroids to eradicate infection as well as hasten repair of the skin's barrier function. These cases are presented to call attention to the role of Staphylococcus aureus in the pathogenesis of severe radiation dermatitis and the need to include appropriate antibiotic therapy based on culture in the management of acute radiation dermatitis.

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Superantigens. Do they have a role in skin diseases?

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Pityriasis rubra pilaris exacerbation with topical use of imiquimod

Pityriasis rubra pilaris exacerbation with topical use of imiquimod

A systematic review of antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis

Severe Radiation Dermatitis is Related to Staphylococcus Aureus

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