Super-resurgence: ABA renewal increases resurgence

Kincaid, Stephanie L.; Lattal, Kennon A.; Spence, Jake

doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.02.013

Cited by 54 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…3). These findings are consistent with other studies arranging more typical resurgence procedures that have changed the color or presence of stimuli in the transition from Phase 2 to Phase 3 (Kincaid et al, 2015;Podlesnik & Kelley, 2014; but see Sweeney & Shahan, 2015). Overall, these and previous findings suggest that discriminating the initiation of the extinction contingency on the alternative response can influence the size and pattern of resurgence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In addition, we assessed brief stimulus changes to both keylights at the 50-s mark during half of the probe trials. Consistent with previous studies signaling the offset of reinforcement for alternative responding with changes in keylight stimuli (e.g., Kincaid, Lattal, & Spence, 2015;Podlesnik & Kelley, 2014), we predicted these signaled probe trials should increase the discriminability of extinction of alternative responding and, thereby, increase the immediacy and/or size of resurgence.…”

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confidence: 81%

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Quantitative analysis of local-level resurgence

2016

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Resurgence is the recurrence of a previously reinforced and then extinguished behavior induced by the extinction of another more recently reinforced behavior. Resurgence provides insight into behavioral processes relevant to treatment relapse of a range of problem behaviors. Resurgence is typically studied across three phases: (1) reinforcement of a target response, (2) extinction of the target and concurrent reinforcement of an alternative response, and (3) extinction of the alternative response, resulting in the recurrence of target responding. Because each phase typically occurs successively and spans multiple sessions, extended time frames separate the training and resurgence of target responding. This study assessed resurgence more dynamically and throughout ongoing training in 6 pigeons. Baseline entailed 50-s trials of a freeoperant psychophysical procedure, resembling Phases 1 and 2 of typical resurgence procedures. During the first 25 s, we reinforced target (left-key) responding but not alternative (right-key) responding; contingencies reversed during the second 25 s. Target and alternative responding followed the baseline reinforcement contingencies, with alternative responding replacing target responding across the 50 s. We observed resurgence of target responding during signaled and unsignaled probes that extended trial durations an additional 100 s in extinction. Furthermore, resurgence was greater and/or sooner when probes were signaled, suggesting an important role of discriminating transitions to extinction in resurgence. The data were well described by an extension of a stimulus-control model of discrimination that assumes resurgence is the result of generalization of obtained reinforcers across space and time. Therefore, the present findings introduce novel methods and quantitative analyses for assessing behavioral processes underlying resurgence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

supporting

confidence: 81%

Quantitative analysis of local-level resurgence

2016

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“…Our results may also be compared to recent data of Kincaid, Lattal, and Spence (2015), in which resurgence in three pigeons was greater when the removal of alternative reinforcement was accompanied by a change in the color of the key light relative to when alternative reinforcement was removed and there was no change in the color of the key light. In their study, a type of renewal manipulation (key color change) appeared to increase the magnitude of relapse, whereas in our study, the magnitude of relapse did not depend on whether alternative reinforcement was delivered in another context.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Using a high rate of alternative reinforcement may result in ceiling effects of resurgence because high rates of alternative reinforcement have been associated with greater response suppression during extinction of the alternative response, but relatively greater resurgence following alternative reinforcement removal (Leitenberg et al, 1975; Sweeney &Shahan, 2013a). It could be that the removal of lower rates of alternative reinforcement or those with differential response requirements, such as the DRO 20-s used by Kincaid et al (2015), may result in resurgence that is more sensitive to the effects of a change in stimulus context than was resurgence in the present study. Another possible limitation is the fixed-time criterion of 15 sessions of Phase II may have resulted in our termination of Phase II when alternative response rates were in an upward trend for the Resurgence and Compound Groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Renewal, resurgence, and alternative reinforcement context

Sweeney

Shahan

2015

Behavioural Processes

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Resurgence, relapse induced by the removal of alternative reinforcement, and renewal, relapse induced by a change in contextual stimuli, are typically studied separately in operant conditioning paradigms. In analogous treatments of operant problem behavior, aspects of both relapse phenomena can operate simultaneously. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine a novel method for studying resurgence and renewal in the same experimental preparation. An alternative source of reinforcement was available during extinction for one group of rats (a typical resurgence preparation). Another group experienced an operant renewal preparation in which the extinction context was distinguished via olfactory and visual stimuli. A third group experienced alternative reinforcement delivery in the new context, a novel combination of typical resurgence and renewal preparations. Removal of alternative reinforcement and/or a change in context induced relapse, relative to an extinction-only control group. When alternative reinforcement was delivered in a novel context, the alternative response was less persistent relative to when extinction of the alternative response took place in the context in which it was trained. This methodology might be used to illustrate shared (or distinct) mechanisms of resurgence and renewal, and to determine how delivering alternative reinforcement in another context may affect persistence and relapse.

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“…The emission of sequences of responses distributed on two keys entails several topographically similar sequences, potentially hindering the resurgence of the target sequence. Therefore, an alternative would be to add differential discriminative stimuli in each experimental phase (see Kincaid, Lattal & Spence, 2015). This idea seems to be plausible, since literature shows evidence of resurgence of key pecking (Doughty, da Silva & Lattal, 2007) and of temporal pattern of responses (Cançado & Lattal, 2011) that were trained in an experimental situation with exteroceptive stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaparecimento de sequências com diferentes números de respostas em contextos de extinção e de variação

Abreu‐Rodrigues

2016

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

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-The reappearance of a response previously extinguished when an alternative response no longer produces reinforcers is called resurgence. The effects of three variables on the reappearance of response sequences -sequence probability (high and low), context of test (extinction and operant variation) and number of responses per sequence (three and five responses) -were investigated. Sequences with high probability reappeared more often than sequences with low probability, the reappearance of the target sequence was more frequent under extinction than under variation, and the reappearance of the target sequence varied inversely with the number of responses by sequence. The reappearance of the target sequence was not conceptualized as resurgence because its frequency was lower than that of the control sequences.Keywords: resurgence, sequence probability, context of test, number of responses per sequence, humans. Reaparecimento de Sequências com Diferentes Números de Respostas em Contextos de Extinção e de VariaçãoRESUMO -O reaparecimento de uma resposta previamente extinta quando os reforços para uma resposta alternativa são descontinuados é denominado ressurgência. Foram investigados os efeitos de três variáveis sobre o reaparecimento de sequências de respostas: probabilidade da sequência (alta e baixa), contexto de teste (extinção e variação operante) e número de respostas por sequência (três e cinco). Sequências muito prováveis reapareceram mais frequentemente que sequências pouco prováveis; o reaparecimento da sequência alvo foi mais frequente no contexto de extinção do que de variação; e o reaparecimento da sequência alvo variou inversamente ao número de respostas por sequência. O reaparecimento da sequência alvo, entretanto, não foi conceitualizado como ressurgência, uma vez que sua frequência foi menor que a das sequências controle.Palavras-chave: ressurgência, probabilidade da sequência, contexto de teste, número de respostas por sequência, humanos.

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Super-resurgence: ABA renewal increases resurgence

Cited by 54 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative analysis of local-level resurgence

Quantitative analysis of local-level resurgence

Renewal, resurgence, and alternative reinforcement context

Reaparecimento de sequências com diferentes números de respostas em contextos de extinção e de variação

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