Super-resolution and ultra-sensitivity of angular rotation measurement based on SU(1,1) interferometers using homodyne detection

Abstract

We theoretically explore the angular rotation measurement sensitivity of SU(1,1) interferometers with a coherent beam and a vacuum beam input by using orbital angular momentum (OAM). Compared with the OAM in an SU(2) interferometer, the SU(1,1) interferometer employing homodyne detection can further surpass the angular rotation shot noise limit and improve the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement. Two models are considered, one is that OAM is carried by a probe beam and the other one is a pump beam with the OAM. The sensitivity can be improved by higher OAM and nonlinear process with a large gain. The resolution can be enhanced in the case that the pump beam has OAM. Moreover, we present a brief discussion on the variation of resolution and sensitivity in the presence of photon loss.

Wide-field SU(1,1) interferometer

“…This paves the way towards 2D phase profiling in the quantum regime, close to the common idea of an interferometer with a 2D fringe pattern. Furthermore, our configuration opens up the possibility to enhanced quantum imaging [21] and to the detection of a small disturbance in the orbital angular momentum (OAM) [11]. Finally, we report the measurement of quadrature squeezing for plane-wave modes inside the interferometer, as a prerequisite for achieving high sensitivity.…”

“…Interferometers have been used for more than a century to measure physical quantities with high accuracy. Recently, the experimental realization of SU(1, 1) interferometers has raised significant interest due to the loss-tolerant sub-shot-noise sensitivity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The core idea is to use a series of two optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) to probe phase shifts between them [15,16].…”

“…The core idea is to use a series of two optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) to probe phase shifts between them [15,16]. Possible applications are in remote sensing [11] and in quantum information processing [14], but such a scheme is especially attractive for quantum metrology with optical [2,7,9], atom [5,17] and hybrid [18] interferometers.…”

Improvement of angular rotation measurement resolution and sensitivity based on an SU(1,1) interferometer with intensity sum detection

“…Meanwhile, Liu et al theoretically analyzed the angular rotation measurement of SU(1,1) interferometers with homodyne detection [20,21], and found that the optimal sensitivity of SU(1,1) interferometers can reach Nl 1 4 . Hao et al employed the parity detection to realize the resolution improvement of angular rotation measurement [22].…”

Optimal phase sensitivity by quantum squeezing based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer

“…1: the input (classical state and quantum state); 2: the interferometer scheme. For example, a MZI is made up of a beam splitter (BS); an SU(1,1) interferometer [8,9] contains an optical parametric amplification or a four wave mixing (FWM) process [10][11][12] and a hybrid interferometer consists of a BS and a FWM; 3: detection method [13]. The useful detection may contain intensity sum or difference detection [14], homodyne detection [15,16], parity measurement [17].…”