Super-Intelligence and (Super-)Consciousness

Torrance, Steve

doi:10.1142/s1793843012400288

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Levy [38] makes the point that by "virtue of their exhibiting consciousness" robots should be treated ethically, as they will be looked upon as an example of how one should treat other conscious entities (humans), especially by children. Torrance [57] states that "it is the phenomenal features of consciousness rather than the functional ones that matter ethically". Phenomenal conscious states are experiential, e.g., when we see, hear, smell, taste, and have pains.…”

Section: Reasons For Granting Robots Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Graaf

Hindriks

2021

Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction

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The robot rights debate has thus far proceeded without any reliable data concerning the public opinion about robots and the rights they should have. We have administered an online survey (n = 200) that investigates layman's attitudes towards granting particular rights to robots. Furthermore, we have asked them for what reasons they are willing to grant them those rights. Finally, we have administered general perceptions of robots regarding appearance, capacities, and traits. Results show that rights can be divided in sociopolitical and computing dimensions, and reasons into cognition and compassion dimensions. People generally have a positive view on robot interaction capacities. Attitudes towards robot rights depend on age and experience as well as on the cognitive and affective capacities people believe robots will ever possess. Our results suggest that the robot rights debate stands to benefit greatly from a common understanding of the capacity potentials of future robots. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in HCI; HCI theory, concepts and models; • Social and professional topics → User characteristics; Computing / technology policy.

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Section: Reasons For Granting Robots Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Graaf

Hindriks

2021

Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction

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“…Consciousness is an important reason in the literature for granting robots rights. Levy (2009) claims that robots should be treated ethically by “virtue of their exhibiting consciousness.” It is common to distinguish between two kinds of consciousness, phenomenal consciousness on the one hand and access or functional consciousness on the other ( Block, 1995 ; Torrance, 2012 ). Phenomenal consciousness requires sentience.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Survey Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Torrance (2012) states that “it is the phenomenal features of consciousness rather than the functional ones that matter ethically.” The main related reason that is often cited for granting entities moral status and rights is that they can suffer: they can experience pain from physical or emotional harm. The ability to (physically) suffer has also been one of the main reasons for granting rights to animals ( Singer, 1974 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Survey Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Graaf¹,

Hindriks²,

Hindriks³

2022

Front. Robot. AI

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The robot rights debate has thus far proceeded without any reliable data concerning the public opinion about robots and the rights they should have. We have administered an online survey (n = 439) that investigates layman’s attitudes toward granting particular rights to robots. Furthermore, we have asked them the reasons for their willingness to grant them those rights. Finally, we have administered general perceptions of robots regarding appearance, capacities, and traits. Results show that rights can be divided in sociopolitical and robot dimensions. Reasons can be distinguished along cognition and compassion dimensions. People generally have a positive view about robot interaction capacities. We found that people are more willing to grant basic robot rights such as access to energy and the right to update to robots than sociopolitical rights such as voting rights and the right to own property. Attitudes toward granting rights to robots depend on the cognitive and affective capacities people believe robots possess or will possess in the future. Our results suggest that the robot rights debate stands to benefit greatly from a common understanding of the capacity potentials of future robots.

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“…This will lead to the establishment of super-intelligence (Bostrom 2016 ). The implication is that AGI will then not only be better than humans at most or all cognitive tasks, but will also develop consciousness and self-awareness (Torrance 2012 ). The contributors to this discussion disagree on what would happen next.…”

Section: Metaphysical Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical Issues of AI

Stahl

2021

SpringerBriefs in Research and Innovation Governance

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This chapter discusses the ethical issues that are raised by the development, deployment and use of AI. It starts with a review of the (ethical) benefits of AI and then presents the findings of the SHERPA project, which used case studies and a Delphi study to identify what people perceived to be ethical issues. These are discussed using the categorisation of AI technologies introduced earlier. Detailed accounts are given of ethical issues arising from machine learning, from artificial general intelligence and from broader socio-technical systems that incorporate AI.

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Super-Intelligence and (Super-)Consciousness

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Who Wants to Grant Robots Rights?

Ethical Issues of AI

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