Super-hydrophobic Surfaces Produced by Plasma Fluorination of Polybutadiene Films

Woodward, Iain Stuart; Schofield, W. C. E.; Roucoules, Vincent; Badyal, J. P. S.

doi:10.1021/la020427e

Cited by 360 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Others have focused on a toolbox of methods for creating these materials. A variety of superhydrophobic surfaces obtained using dry methods such as plasma modification, 26,40 laser etching, 41 and templating 42 and wet methods such as layer-by-layer deposition, 43 colloidal assembly, 44 electrospinning, [45][46][47] and solvent evaporation 48 have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Youngblood¹,

Sottos²

2008

MRS Bull.

105

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Biological systems have the ability to sense, react, regulate, grow, regenerate, and heal. Recent advances in materials chemistry and micro-and nanoscale fabrication techniques have enabled biologically inspired materials systems that mimic many of these remarkable functions. This issue of MRS Bulletin highlights two promising classes of bioinspired materials systems: surfaces that can self-clean and polymers that can self-heal. Self-cleaning surfaces are based on the superhydrophobic effect, which causes water droplets to roll off with ease, carrying away dirt and debris. Design of these surfaces is inspired by the hydrophobic micro-and nanostructures of a lotus leaf. Self-healing materials are motivated by biological systems in which damage triggers a site-specific, autonomic healing response. Self-healing has been achieved using several different approaches for storing and triggering healing functionality in the polymer. In this issue, we examine the most successful strategies for self-cleaning and self-healing materials and discuss future research directions and opportunities for commercial applications. Bioinspired Materialsfor Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing Jeffrey P. Youngblood and Nancy R. Sottos, Guest Editors water droplets. 11-13 Self-healing materials are inspired by living systems in which minor damage (e.g., a contusion or bruise) triggers an autonomic healing response. Successful healing relies on seamless integration of reactive chemical functionality into a polymer or polymer composite at the microscale, nanoscale, or molecular level. Although these two functions are quite different, together they represent the wide range of autonomic responses achievable through bioinspired design. In this article, we separately introduce the key elements of self-cleaning and self-healing materials systems and identify the scientific challenges and successful strategies for continued advancement of these nascent fields. Self-Cleaning SurfacesInterest in self-cleaning surfaces has been rekindled because of the newfound ability to structure surfaces on the submicron scale over large planar areas relevant to macroscale wetting. These structured surfaces allow the so-called "lotus-leaf effect," whereby water droplets are shed easily from certain structures, carrying away dirt and other debris. 11-13 Such bioinspired topographical methods toward self-cleaning are the focus of this review.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Youngblood¹,

Sottos²

2008

MRS Bull.

105

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“…Three different types of plasmachemical textured surfaces were prepared by varying the process parameters (see Table 1). For each, the surface XPS F:C ratio remained constant [18,20]. …”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By utilising such roughened structures, it is possible to create superhydrophobicity (high water contact angles with low hysteresis [12]), which finds many technological applications including self-cleaning [13], rapid cooling [14], delayed freezing [15], crop spraying [16], and inkjet printing [17]. One of the most highly superhydrophobic surfaces reported to date is based on the CF 4 plasmachemical functionalisation and texturing of polybutadiene to create low surface energy (fluorinated) hierarchical roughness topographical structures [18,19]. The impact and spreading of water droplets onto these surfaces has been shown to be strongly governed by the hierarchical surface topography (for similar overall surface chemical composition and roughness values) [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographical length scales of hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces

Dhillon

Brown

Bain

et al. 2014

Applied Surface Science

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe morphology of hydrophobic CF 4 plasma fluorinated polybutadiene surfaces has been characterised using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Judicious choice of the plasma power and exposure duration leads to formation of three different surface morphologies (Micro, Nano, and Micro+Nano). Scaling theory analysis shows that for all three surface topographies, there is an initial increase in roughness with length scale followed by a levelling-off to a saturation level. At length scales around 500 nm, it is found that the roughness is very similar for all three types of surfaces, and the saturation roughness value for the Micro+Nano morphology is found to be intermediate between those for the Micro and Nano surfaces. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis has shown that the Micro+Nano topography comprises a hierarchical superposition of Micro and Nano morphologies. Furthermore, the Micro+Nano surfaces display the highest local roughness (roughness exponent α = 0.42 for length scales shorter than ~ 500 nm), which helps to explain their superhydrophobic behaviour (large water contact angle (> 170°) and low hysteresis (< 1°)).

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“…For pillars, the equilibrium arises from the presence of sharp edges at their tops-as first noted by Gibbs, there is a place on the edge (at a nanoscopic scale) where the Young condition is also fulfilled. This possibility of having an equilibrium of the contact line on the solid suggests that it should be possible to make a superhydrophobic solid with a hydrophilic surface, thus generating (metastable) super-oleophobicity (Morra et al 1989;Herminghaus 2000;Woodward et al 2003;Cao et al 2007;Tuteja et al 2007). For example, having overhangs on the posts (Herminghaus 2000) and/ or multiscale roughness (Nosonovsky & Bhushan 2007a,b), or using microspheres or microfibres, should generally allow such states (the problem being the robustness of these metastable states, compared with the more stable impregnated ones).…”

Section: Stable and Metastable Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-adhesive lotus and other hydrophobic materials

Quéré

Reyssat

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

147

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Superhydrophobic materials recently attracted a lot of attention, owing to the potential practical applications of such surfaces-they literally repel water, which hardly sticks to them, bounces off after an impact and slips on them. In this short review, we describe how water repellency arises from the presence of hydrophobic microstructures at the solid surface. A drop deposited on such a substrate can float above the textures, mimicking at room temperature what happens on very hot plates; then, a vapour layer comes between the solid and the volatile liquid, as described long ago by Leidenfrost. We present several examples of superhydrophobic materials (either natural or synthetic), and stress more particularly the stability of the air cushion-the liquid could also penetrate the textures, inducing a very different wetting state, much more sticky, due to the possibility of pinning on the numerous defects. This description allows us to discuss (in quite a preliminary way) the optimal design to be given to a solid surface to make it robustly water repellent.

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Super-hydrophobic Surfaces Produced by Plasma Fluorination of Polybutadiene Films

Abstract: Plasma fluorination followed by cross-linking of polybutadiene films gives rise to the formation of hard super-hydrophobic surfaces. The combined effect of low surface energy and substrate roughness is found to underpin the observed liquid repellency behavior.

Cited by 360 publications

References 51 publications

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Topographical length scales of hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces

Non-adhesive lotus and other hydrophobic materials

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