⁶⁴Cu-Labeled Divalent Cystine Knot Peptide for Imaging Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques

Plant cystine‐knot peptides: pharmacological perspectives

“…The knottin targeted the integrin αvβ3 which is highly expressed on activated endothelial cells and macrophages and may represent a specific biomarker of inflamed, vulnerable plaque. High and specific accumulation of the knottin was observed, suggesting a potential application as a diagnostic tool [81].…”

Radionuclide Imaging of Atherothrombotic Diseases

“…In an attempt to image activated platelets, previous research in mouse models of carotid artery thrombosis has focused on radionuclides that selectively targeted the ligand induced binding sites (LIBS) epitope of the receptor site for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa that resides on the surface of platelets [37,38]. Specific work by Heidt and colleagues [39] have demonstrated that 111 In-labeled LIBS specifically binds to activated platelets and can be utilized for SPECT/CT imaging of carotid artery thrombosis, while Ardipradja and colleagues [40] have more recently shown the feasibility of utilizing an 18 F-labeled LIBS probe, 18 F-scFv anti-LIBS , for PET/CT imaging of carotid artery thrombosis in a mouse model.…”

Recent Advances in the Development of PET/SPECT Probes for Atherosclerosis Imaging

“…Radiolabeled annexin A5 utilizes the high-affinity binding of annexin A5, a 36 kD human protein, to phosphatidylserine. Jiang et al [58] reported another approach using a cysteine knot peptide (knottin), a polypeptide (ca. 30 amino residues) containing multiple disulfide bonds.…”