<sup>210</sup>Pb and<sup>210</sup>Po Content in Air, Water, Foodstuffs, and the Human Body

Ladinskaya, Leonora A.; Parfenov, Yuriy D.; Popov, D.K.; Fedorova, Antonina V.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1973.10666364

Cited by 58 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Ladinskaya et al (1973) reported UOPo concentrations in human hair to be higher than ZOPo soft tissue and skeletal concentrations in persons exposed solely to environmental levels of the nuclide.…”

Section: _-/mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations ofaoPo in human tissues have been measured in the U.S., Great Britain, and the Soviet Union (Holtzman 1966;Blanchard 1967;Ladinskaya et al 1973;Parfenov 1974). Skeletal ZOPo concentrations ranged from 1.3-1.5 Bq (35-40 pCi)/kg and exceeded soft tissue =OPo concentrations due to ingrowth and physical trapping of ZoPo formed from the decay of aoPb within the bone matrix.…”

Section: Environmental Poloniummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Cohen¹

1989

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Section: _-/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Poloniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Cohen¹

1989

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“…The authors give an average value of 210 Po excretion in urine as 9.25 ± 1.85 mBq d -1 . Other findings: Ladinskaya et al (1973) also determined the excretion rate of 210 Po in urine of 12 children and found the average excretion rate 7.4 ± 1.1 mBq d -1 . The value is approximately two times lover than they found in urine of adults (Tab.…”

Section: Po In Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

Excretion rate of²¹⁰Po in urine of general population (a review)

Hölgye

Straková

2009

Radioprotection

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“…Ladinskaya et al (1973) reported concentrations of 973 and 762 mBq/kg (sampled from adults) and Blanchard reported concentrations of 537 ± 74 and 418 ± 81 mBq/kg (sampled from 18 individuals ranging in age from 6 -78 y).…”

Section: Naturally Occurring Po-210 In Human Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of naturally occurring Po-210 in human tissues have been evaluated in Great Britain, the United States, and the Former Soviet Union (Holtzman 1966;Blanchard 1967;Ladinskaya et al 1973;Parfenov 1973;Cohen 1989). Concentrations in the skeleton ranged from 1,295 -1,480 mBq/kg and exceeded the soft tissue Po-210 concentrations because of in-growth and physical trapping of Po-210 formed from the decay of lead-210 (Pb-210) within the bone matrix (Cohen 1989).…”

Section: Naturally Occurring Po-210 In Human Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Evaluations for Ingestion Exposure of Humans to Polonium-210

Scott¹

2007

Dose-Response

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ᮀ The incident in London during November 2006 involving a lethal intake by Mr. Alexander Litvinenko of the highly-radioactive, alpha-particles-emitting polonium-210 (Po-210) isotope, presumably via ingestion, sparked renewed interest in the area of Po-210 toxicity to humans. This paper is the result of assembling and interpreting existing Po-210 data within the context of what is considered a reliable risk model (hazard-function [HF] model) for characterizing the risk of death from deterministic effects of high alpha radiation doses and dose rates to body organs. The HF model was developed to address radiation exposure scenarios involving combined exposures to alpha, beta, and gamma radiations and can be used in circumstances where only one type of radiation is involved. Under a plausible but not yet validated set of assumptions and using available megabecquerel (Po-210) to gray dose-conversion factors, acute lethality risk vs. dose curves were developed for circumstances of ingestion exposure to Po-210 by humans. Initial risk calculations were carried out for a reference adult male human (a hypothetical 70-kg person). Results were then modified for application to all ages (except the in utero child) via the use of systemic Po-210 burden. Because of the unavailability of acute lethality data derived from human ingestions of high levels of Po-210, plausibility of risk calculations were evaluated based on data from studies of Po-210 injections in animals. The animal data, although limited, were found to be consistent with the theoretical risk calculations. Key findings are as follows: (1) ingestion (or inhalation) of a few tents of a milligram of Po-210 will likely be fatal to all exposed persons. (2) Lethal intakes are expected to involve fatal damage to the bone marrow which is likely to be compounded by damage caused by higher doses to other organs including the kidneys and liver. (3) Lethal intakes are expected to cause severe damage to the kidney, spleen, stomach, small and large intestines, lymph nodes, skin, and testes (males) in addition to the fatal damage to bone marrow. (4) The time distribution of deaths is expected to depend on the level of radioactivity ingested or inhaled, with deaths occurring within about a month after very high levels of radioactivity intake (e.g., systemic burdens > 1 MBq/kg-body-mass) and occurring over longer periods, possibly up to or exceeding a year for lower but lethal intakes (systemic burdens from 0.1 to 1.0 MBq/kg-body-mass). Below a systemic burden estimate of 0.02 MBq/kg-bodymass, deaths from deterministic effects are not expected to occur but the risk of cancer and for life shortening could be significant. New, funded experimental and modeling/theoretical research is needed to improve on these estimates.

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²¹⁰Pb and²¹⁰Po Content in Air, Water, Foodstuffs, and the Human Body

Cited by 58 publications

References 10 publications

Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Excretion rate of²¹⁰Po in urine of general population (a review)

Health Risk Evaluations for Ingestion Exposure of Humans to Polonium-210

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210Pb and210Po Content in Air, Water, Foodstuffs, and the Human Body

Cited by 58 publications

References 10 publications

Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Primate polonium metabolic models and their use in estimation of systemic radiation doses from bioassay data. Final report

Excretion rate of210Po in urine of general population (a review)

Health Risk Evaluations for Ingestion Exposure of Humans to Polonium-210

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Product

Resources

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²¹⁰Pb and²¹⁰Po Content in Air, Water, Foodstuffs, and the Human Body

Excretion rate of²¹⁰Po in urine of general population (a review)