Suomi NPP VIIRS day‐night band on‐orbit performance

Liao, Lushalan B.; Weiss, Stephanie C.; Mills, Steve; Hauss, B.

doi:10.1002/2013jd020475

Cited by 152 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In areas where the stray light correction is applied (over approximately the lower two thirds of the image) there are significant residual nonuniformities that were not corrected by the stray light correction. These nonuniformities are likely at least partly due to changes in the stray light between the time that the correction tables were determined and when they were applied [1,10,22]. There is also striping in the upper third of the image similar to what appears in Figure 1.…”

Section: Observations For Nighttime Scenesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Here, the only source of ambient illumination is nightglow (chemiluminescent airglow) and all other natural illumination from sources other than the sun, the moon or auroras, including, stellar light and zodiacal light. [1,3]. Even by this faint illumination which resides at 10% of the minimum required DNB radiance …”

Section: Observations For Nighttime Scenesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The sensitivity of the DNB to very low radiance levels requires cross-calibration over three gain stages, and this makes maintaining uniformity on DNB much more difficult than for other bands on VIIRS. Other than uniformity, based on post-launch characterization, VIIRS DNB has met its radiometric and spatial resolution requirements [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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VIIRS Day/Night Band—Correcting Striping and Nonuniformity over a Very Large Dynamic Range

Mills¹,

Miller

2016

J. Imaging

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Abstract:The Suomi National Polar-orbiting (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day-Night Band (DNB) measures visible and near-infrared light extending over seven orders of magnitude of dynamic range. This makes radiometric calibration difficult. We have observed that DNB imagery has striping, banding and other nonuniformities-day or night. We identified the causes as stray light, nonlinearity, detector crosstalk, hysteresis and mirror-side variation. We found that these affect both Earth-view and calibration signals. These present an obstacle to interpretation by users of DNB products. Because of the nonlinearity we chose the histogram matching destriping technique which we found is successful for daytime, twilight and nighttime scenes. Because of the very large dynamic range of the DNB, we needed to add special processes to the histogram matching to destripe all scenes, especially imagery in the twilight regions where scene illumination changes rapidly over short distances. We show that destriping aids image analysts, and makes it possible for advanced automated cloud typing algorithms. Manual or automatic identification of other features, including polar ice and gravity waves in the upper atmosphere are also discussed. In consideration of the large volume of data produced 24 h a day by the VIIRS DNB, we present methods for reducing processing time.

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Section: Observations For Nighttime Scenesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Observations For Nighttime Scenesmentioning

confidence: 92%

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VIIRS Day/Night Band—Correcting Striping and Nonuniformity over a Very Large Dynamic Range

Mills¹,

Miller

2016

J. Imaging

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“…and night lights are expressed in units of 10 −9 watts per square cm per steradian (nW cm −2 sr −1 ). See Methods for further information 4.3 Economic Disparity light emitted by Earth's surface at wavelengths between 500 and 900 nanometer (nm), 14 at extremely high spatial resolution (Hillger et al 2013;Liao et al 2013). Spatial patterns of night lights from VIIRS have been shown to exhibit high correlation with gross domestic product and electricity power consumption (EPC) in China, at multiple spatial scales (Shi et al 2014).…”

Section: Economic Disparitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4.6b has been adjusted so that it better represents economic conditions by removing signals due to the aurora borealis and fires (see Methods). The VIIRS DNB radiometer is sensitive to any light received between 500 and 900 nm; the dominant signals other than EPC are aurora and fires (Liao et al 2013). Since the aurora generally occur over sparsely populated high latitude regions, a population mask as a function of latitude has been applied that effectively removes the dominant signature from aurora.…”

Section: Economic Disparitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation

Bennett¹,

Hope²,

Salawitch³

et al. 2017

Springer Climate

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This chapter provides an overview of reductions in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that will be needed to achieve either the target (1.5 °C warming) or upper limit (2.0 °C warming) of the Paris Climate Agreement. We quantify how much energy must be produced, either by renewables that do not emit significant levels of atmospheric GHGs or via carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) coupled to fossil fuel power plants, to meet forecast global energy demand out to 2060. For the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 GHG emission trajectory to be matched, which is necessary for having a high probability of achieving the Paris target according to our Empirical Model of Global Climate (EM-GC), then the world must transition to production by renewables of 50 % of total global energy by 2060. For the RCP 2.6 GHG emission trajectory to be matched, which is necessary to achieve the Paris upper limit according to general circulation models (GCMs), then 88 % of the energy generated in 2060 must be supplied either by renewables or combustion of fossil fuels coupled to CCS. We also quantify the probability of achieving the Paris target in the EM-GC framework as a function of future CO 2 emissions. Humans can emit only 82, 69, or 45 % of the prior, cumulative emissions of CO 2 to have either a 50, 66, or 95 % probability of achieving the Paris target of 1.5 °C warming. We also quantify the impact of future atmospheric CH 4 on achieving the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement. Keywords

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VIIRS day/night band radiometric calibration stability monitoring using the Moon

et al. 2017

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The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a passive scanning spectroradiometer on board the Suomi‐NPP satellite. It has 22 spectral bands including the day/night band (DNB), which is a panchromatic reflective solar band (RSB) covering a wavelength range of 500–900 nm. Similar to other RSBs, the radiometric calibration of the DNB is in reference to the sunlight reflected from an onboard solar diffuser (SD). As an independent validation to the SD measurement, lunar calibration has been regularly scheduled at nearly constant lunar phase. In this paper, the lunar calibration strategies developed for RSB are extended to DNB. The on‐orbit gain coefficient, or the so‐called F factor, is derived for DNB low‐gain stage (LGS) from lunar data for each lunar calibration event. Its on‐orbit change is compared with the change of the LGS SD F factor. For more accurate comparison, the impact of the on‐orbit relative spectral responses (RSR) change, caused by the wavelength‐dependent degradation of the optical throughput of VIIRS telescope mirrors, must be considered. This impact is more significant for DNB than other RSBs because of its wider bandwidth, and the impact to the SD and lunar calibrations are different due to different scene spectra. Simulation results show a gradually increased deviation of 1% between SD and lunar trends since launch till now and 0.3% deviation since 2 April 2012 lunar calibration, when the lunar F factor was firstly calculated, till now. Taking this effect into account, the on‐orbit changes of the SD F factor and lunar F factor agree with each other in less than 0.3%. Our results validate the stability of the DNB SD calibration while demonstrating how the on‐orbit RSR change should be considered in the radiometric calibration and data usage.

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Suomi NPP VIIRS day‐night band on‐orbit performance

Cited by 152 publications

References 9 publications

VIIRS Day/Night Band—Correcting Striping and Nonuniformity over a Very Large Dynamic Range

VIIRS Day/Night Band—Correcting Striping and Nonuniformity over a Very Large Dynamic Range

Implementation

VIIRS day/night band radiometric calibration stability monitoring using the Moon

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