Sunxiuqinia faeciviva sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic organoheterotroph of the Bacteroidetes isolated from deep subseafloor sediment

Abstract

A facultatively anaerobic organoheterotroph, designated JAM-BA0302 T , was isolated from a deep subseafloor sediment at a depth of 247.1 m below the seafloor off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan in the north-western Pacific Ocean (Site C9001 , water depth 1180 m). Cells of strain JAM-BA0302 T showed gliding motility and were thin, long rods with peritrichous fimbriae-like structures. Growth occurred at 4-37 6C (optimum 30 6C; doubling time 8 h), at pH 5.4-8.3 (optimum pH 7.5) and with 5-60 g NaCl l "1 (optimum 20-25 g l "1 ). The isolate utilized proteinaceous substrates such as yeast extract, tryptone, casein and Casamino acids with O 2 respiration or fermentation. Strain JAM-BA0302 T was a piezotolerant bacterium that could grow at pressures as high as 25 MPa under aerobic conditions and 10 MPa under anaerobic conditions. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 43.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JAM-BA0302 T was most closely related to yet-undescribed strains recently isolated from various marine sedimentary environments (.99.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and was moderately related to Sunxiuqinia elliptica DQHS-4 T , isolated from a sea cucumber farm sediment (95.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) within the Bacteroidetes. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the isolate should belong to the genus Sunxiuqinia. However, low DNA-DNA relatedness (,11 %) and many physiological and molecular properties differentiated the isolate from those previously described. We propose here a novel species of the genus Sunxiuqinia, with the name Sunxiuqinia faeciviva sp. nov. The type strain is

Sunxiuqinia rutila sp. nov., a new member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from marine sediment

“…T (Qu et al, 2011;Takai et al, 2013). Symbols: GL, glycolipid; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; UL, unidentified lipid; UAL, unidentified aminolipid; UPL, unidentified phospholipid; +, positive; , negative; ND, no data available.…”

“…Strains: 1, HG677 T (Sunxiuqinia rutila sp. nov.); 2, Sunxiuqinia elliptica DQHS4T (Qu et al, 2011;Takai et al, 2013); 3, Sunxiuqinia faeciviva JAM-BA0302…”

Draconibacterium orientale gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from two distinct marine environments, and proposal of Draconibacteriaceae fam. nov.

“…Although most of the members identified in this class are anaerobic, several aerobic and facultatively anaerobic strains have been reported recently. Sunxiuqinia faeciviva and Sunxiuqinia elliptica were isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediment and sediment in a sea cucumber farm, respectively (Qu et al, 2011;Takai et al, 2013), Prolixibacter bellariivorans was found in a marine-sediment fuel cell (Holmes et al, 2007), and Marinifilum fragile and Marinifilum flexuosum were recovered from tidal flat sediment and surface seawater, respectively (Na et al, 2009;Ruvira et al 2013). Recently, a novel family, 'Prolixibacteraceae' fam.…”

Expedition 337 summary

“…Using a continuous downflow bioreactor system, phylogenetically diverse anaerobic microbes were successfully activated, including methanogens, such as the genera Methanobacterium, Methanoccoides, and Methanosarcina, and uncultured archaeal and bacterial lineages (Imachi et al, 2011). Several attempts at traditional batch-type cultivations have led to the isolation of novel anaerobic subseafloor microbes, including Geofilum rubicundum (Miyazaki et al, 2012) and Spinavirga faexivivus (Takai et al, 2013), which are the first representatives of previously uncultivated genera. These successful cultivations and isolations confirmed the presence of metabolically and/or physiologically active microbial populations in deep subseafloor sediments off the Shimokita Peninsula.…”