Sunscreens: Obtaining adequate photoprotection

Burnett, Mark E.; Hu, Jie; Wang, Steven Q.

doi:10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01503.x

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…OMC is present in more than 90% of personal care products (PCPs), including sunscreens (Zucchi et al 2011), and is listed as an endocrine disruptor compound (EDC) by the European Union's database (Lorigo et al 2018;Sharma et al 2017). This UV-B filter is an organic filter once its protective effects occur by absorbing high-energy photons of UV-B radiation (Burnett et al 2012;Mancebo et al 2014). OMC is a cinnamate which is part of the group of p-methoxycinnamic acid derivatives.…”

Section: Uv-b Filter Octylmethoxycinnamate Photoinstabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrarily, UV-B radiation represents 5-10% of all UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface (Skotarczak et al 2015), and the other 90-95% are UV-A radiation. Both radiations cause photobiological effects such as sunburn, pigmentation problems, synthesis of vitamin D 3 , immunosuppression, and carcinogenesis (Maipas and Nicolopoulou-Stamati 2015;Skotarczak et al 2015;Touitou and Godin 2008) and damage to DNA and other cellular structures (Burnett et al 2012;Mancebo et al 2014;Touitou and Godin 2008). However, these photobiologic effects in humans are mainly due to UV-B radiation (Lopes and McMahon 2016;Nunes et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate

Lorigo

2019

biomed dermatol

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Background: Sunlight is one of the main harmful exogenous factors that induce the reactive oxygen species formation. The human skin is the first line of photoprotection against harmful exogenous factors, such as UV radiations. The topical application of sunscreens, containing UV-B filters, is widely used to protect against UV-induced damage. Octylmethoxycinnamate is the world's most widely used UV-B filter in sunscreens. However, recent studies have demonstrated that this substance is an endocrine disruptor compound and with potential to damage DNA. Thus, the safety of this organic filter is a current concern for human health, and it was urgent to develop new photoprotective strategies. In this sense, due to the potential to neutralize the UV-induced free radicals, the use of antioxidants as UV filter stabilizers presented as a novel promising strategy. Research: The purpose of this review was to assess the use of antioxidants as stabilizers for UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate. For this, we discuss the chemical and physical characteristics of UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate, emphasizing the stability, photostability, and reactivity of this UV filter. The use of antioxidants in sunscreens will also be addressed, from a perspective of the main characteristics that allowed their use in sunscreen formulations. Then, the concomitant use of both was described from a historical and physical chemical perspective, always emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of this association. Conclusions: The combination of antioxidants with UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate in appropriated formulations represents a viable strategy to protect the human skin against UV-induced damage.

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Section: Uv-b Filter Octylmethoxycinnamate Photoinstabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate

Lorigo

2019

biomed dermatol

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“…U preveniranju pojave fotostarenja kože upotreba topikalnih fotoprotektivnih -sunscreen preparata, bogath antioksidansima, pokazala se kao "zlatni standard". Fotoprotektivni preparatoi sadrže SPF faktor (zaštita od UVB zra enja) ija se vrednost kre e od 15-50+, kao i zaštitne UVA filtere i efikasno štite kožu od pojave opekotina, preranog starenja, nastanka mutacija na DNK i karcinogeneze [2,[29][30][31][32],.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Pojavu fokalnog slepljivanja kolagenih vlakna objašnjavamo dokazanim me usobnim povezivanjem vlakana u fotoošte enoj koži, kako kod ljudi tako i kod miševa, tako e još jednom karakteristikom fotostarenja [21][22][23]36]. Kako stepen ošte enja dermalnih struktura raste sa ponovljenim ekspozicijama i rastom kumulativne doze zra enja UV zra enja i kako fotoprotektivni preparati sa širokim spektrom zaštite pokazuju zna ajan efekat u spre avanju oksidativnog ošteenja kože, fotostarenja i karcinogeneze, naš rezutat u mazanoj eksperimentalnoj grupi životinja kod kojih je zabeležen najmanji stepen fotoošte enja poklapa se sa nalazima drugih istraživa a [13,[29][30][31][32]37,38]. Specifi nim histohemijskim bojenjem metodom po Weigert-van Gieson-u, potvr ujemo da se najve i stepen patohistoloških promena vezanih za fotostarenje zapaža se nemazanoj eksperimentalnoj grupi životinja, gde su kolagena vlakna svetlije boje, izražena je destrukcija i smanjenje gustine vlakana sa izmenjenom arhitektonikom derma uz zna ajno pove anje ECM-a.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Ultraviolet A irradiation and photoaging of the mouse skin

Savic¹,

Mijović²,

Ilić³

et al. 2017

Praxis Med

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Uvod: Ultravioletno A (UVA) zra enje sunca i vešta kih emitera je najzna ajniji faktor fotostarenja kože. Cilj: Cilj našeg istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi prisustvo promena u izgledu i bojenju kolagenih i elasti nih vlakana derma kože miševa izloženih dejstvu UVA zra enju, sa ili bez upotrebe fotoprotektivne kreme. Metode: Eksperiment se sastojao u zra enju ženki BALBc soja miševa, u solarijumu UVA lampama. Životinje su bile podeljene u dve eksperimentalne i dve kontrolne grupe. Pre izlaganja zra enju životinjama eksperimentalnih i jedne kontrolne grupe je brijanjem, tri puta nedeljno odstranjivana dlaka sa le a, a polovini eksperimentalnih životinja je pola sata pre ekspozicije nanošena fotoprotektivna krema sa širokim spektrom zaštite (UVA filterom i SPF 50). Druga kontrolna grupa nije bila podvrgavana brijanju. Eksperimentalne grupe životinja zra ene su 5 puta nedeljno, po 2 sata dnevno (doza 156 J/cm2), tokom 16 nedelja, do ukupne doze zra enja od 12500 J/cm2. Ovaj deo kože je primenom razli itih histiohemijskih metoda bojenja koriš en za histološka ispitivanja. Rezultati: Prisustvo izraženih znakova fotošte enja kolagenih vlakana je statisti ki zna ajno potvr eno u nemazanoj eksperimentalnoj grupi životinja (p <0,001), po etno fotoošte enje u mazanoj eksperimentalnoj grupi životinja (p <0,001), normalan izgled i bojenje kolagenih vlakana potvr en je kod obe kontrolne grupe životinja (p <0,001). Prisustvo po etnih znakova solarne elastoze zabeleženo je u nemazanoj eksperimentalnoj grupi životinja. Zaklju ak: Rezultati su pokazali da je primena fotoprotektivne kreme sa širokim spektrom zaštite kod polovine eksperimentalnih životinja, opravdala upotrebu i dovela do efikasnog preveniranja ili zna ajnog smanjenja promena na nivou derma kože miševa izloženih dejstvu UVA zra enja. Klju ne re i: derm, kolagena vlakna, elasti na vlakna, BALBc, fotoprotektivna krema

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“…Experts recommend using sunscreen to block UV radiation and avoiding excessive solar exposure to prevent sunburn [ 1 ]. Through mechanisms such as reflection, scattering, and absorption, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can shield and reduce UV irradiation-induced injury [ 7 , 8 ]. TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used as ingredients in commercial sunscreens since the late 1990s [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanoparticles Protect Skin from Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in Mice

Sun

Chang

2020

IJMS

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight has various adverse effects; thus, UV blockage is recommended for preventing sunburn. Common sunscreen ingredients, such as nanosized titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, offer effective protection and enhance cosmetic appearance; however, health concerns have been raised regarding their photocatalytic activity, which generates reactive oxygen species under UV illumination. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known as safe materials for use in a wide spectrum of biomedical applications. In vitro studies have revealed that AgNPs may have a protective effect against UV irradiation, but the effects in animal studies remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that AgNPs effectively protect against UVB-induced skin damage both in cell cultures and mouse models. These results suggested that AgNPs are feasible and safe as sunscreen ingredients for protection against UVB-induced skin damage.

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Sunscreens: Obtaining adequate photoprotection

Cited by 31 publications

References 48 publications

Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate

Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate

Ultraviolet A irradiation and photoaging of the mouse skin

Silver Nanoparticles Protect Skin from Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in Mice

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