Sun Protection Policies and Environmental Features in US Elementary Schools

Buller, David B.; Geller, Alan C.; Cantor, Maura; Buller, Mary Klein; Rosseel, Kevin; Hufford, Drusilla; Benjes, Lori Steinberg; Lew, Robert A.

doi:10.1001/archderm.138.6.771

Cited by 46 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Children spend numerous hours during school days exposed to the sun, often with little to no sun protection. 4 An earlier study, conducted in 1998, found that only 3% of elementary schools in the United States have any type of sun protection policy or curriculum. 4 In 2002, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found sufficient evidence that interventions targeting the improvement of covering-up behaviors in primary schools are effective.…”

Section: Un Exposure In Childhoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Levels of Influence in the Adoption of Sun Protection Policies in Elementary Schools in Massachusetts

Geller¹,

Zwirn²,

Rutsch³

et al. 2008

Arch Dermatol

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Section: Un Exposure In Childhoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Levels of Influence in the Adoption of Sun Protection Policies in Elementary Schools in Massachusetts

Geller¹,

Zwirn²,

Rutsch³

et al. 2008

Arch Dermatol

Self Cite

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“…Most outdoor activities occurred in peak sun hours from 10 am until 2 pm. Although about 3/4 had some shade structures, about 2/3 covered less than 1/5 of the grounds (Buller et al, 2002). School-based sun education is in its infancy in the US.…”

Section: Sun and Other Uv Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma etiology: where are we?

Tucker¹,

Goldstein²

2003

Oncogene

241

147

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Melanoma incidence rates are rising rapidly, particularly in older men. Older men are also more likely to have thick melanomas, which confer high mortality and morbidity. The reasons for the rate of increase are not known; increasing sun and UV exposure, however, is the major hypothesized explanation. In the past several years, two major susceptibility genes for melanoma, CDKN2A and CDK4, have been identified, but the two genes together account for a minority of familial melanoma. Other highrisk susceptibility genes are being sought actively. Genetic epidemiologic studies suggest that penetrance of each of the two identified genes is altered by other factors, either genetic or environmental. Epidemiologic studies have also identified other major host factors important in the development of melanoma. In European, North American, and Australian populations, the presence of clinically identified dysplastic nevi confers greatly increased risk of melanoma. A new measure of sun exposure, based on individual residential history, confers substantially increased risk of melanoma. Recent surveys of sun behavior in the US reveal extensive sunburning and use of tanning beds in adolescents and adults. Sun protective behaviors are not as prevalent as in Australia, where population rates of melanoma are stabilizing.

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“…[6][7][8] The school environment is a potentially effective venue for delivering sun-safety interventions, but it is uncommon in the United States. 9 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued guidelines that recommend school programs on sun safety. 1 The Task Force on Community Preventive Services concluded that there was sufficient evidence to recommend sun safety education in primary schools, but not in secondary schools.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%