Summing up approaches to the study of science and technology indicators

Marchi, Mario; Rocchi, Maurizio

doi:10.1007/bf02766294

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…• the number of employees, which is considered in the literature to be the most valid indicator of the size of an enterprise (SCHERER, 1992); • expenditure for in-house research and development, the primary index of investment in scientific and technological advance (DE MARCHI & ROCCHI, 1999), (SCHERER, 1992); • expenditure for basic research, which, according to the development of the absorption approach (COHEN & LEVINTHAL, 1989) proposed by ROSENBERG (1990) is a particularly significant indicator of the effort sustained by enterprises to monitor external scientific and technological knowledge;…”

Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

A note on innovation in the chemical industy in Italy

2006

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In our analysis we have recalled the general results of recent studies on innovation according to which innovation within the manufacturing industry is a complex phenomenon which does not lend itself to description or explanation utilising simplistic analytical models. We have then taken into account clues garnered from various descriptions of the innovative behaviour of companies utilising several indicators of how innovative they are.Our results confirm the belief that notable differences exist between the two sub-sectors into which the chemical industry is divided: pharmaceutical and basic chemicals.Regarding the policy implications of our research, the close correlation between patents and basic research expenditure suggests that the Italian Fund for Basic Research might play a useful role in promoting innovation in the chemical industry.

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Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%