Summertime M2 Internal Tides in the Northern Yellow Sea

Fan, Lin; Asplin, Lars; Wei, Hao

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.798504

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…They found that seasonal ocean stratification, induced by the East Asian monsoon, seasonal ocean circulation, and Yangtze river flow, controls the seasonal variations of the generation, propagation, and dissipation of M 2 internal tides in the Yellow Sea. Lin et al [99] investigated M 2 internal tides in the northern Yellow Sea in the summer via ROMS and moored current observations. They indicated that internal tides are mainly generated in the shelf break regions near the Korean Peninsula with a restricted regional propagation.…”

Section: Numerical Studies Of Internal Tidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development History of the Numerical Simulation of Tides in the East Asian Marginal Seas: An Overview

Wei

Pan

et al. 2022

JMSE

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As a ubiquitous movement in the ocean, tides are vital for marine life and numerous marine activities such as fishing and ocean engineering. Tidal dynamics are complicated in the East Asian marginal seas (EAMS) due to changing complex topography and coastlines related to human activities (e.g., land reclamation and channel deepening) and natural variability (e.g., seasonal variations of ocean stratification and river flow). As an important tool, numerical models are widely used because they can provide basin-scale patterns of tidal dynamics compared to point-based tide gauges. This paper aims to overview the development history of the numerical simulation of tides in the EAMS, including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the East/Japan Sea, and the South China Sea, provide comprehensive understanding of tidal dynamics, and address contemporary research challenges. The basic features of major tidal constituents obtained by tidal models are reviewed, and the progress in the inversion of spatially and temporally changing model parameters via the adjoint method are presented. We review numerical research on how a changing ocean environment induces tidal evolution and how tides and tidal mixing influence ocean environment in turn. The generation, propagation, and dissipation of internal tides in the EAMS are also reviewed. Although remarkable progresses in tidal dynamics have been made, nonstationary tidal variations are not fully explained yet, and further efforts are needed. In addition, tidal influences on ocean environment still receive limited attention, which deserves special attention.

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Section: Numerical Studies Of Internal Tidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development History of the Numerical Simulation of Tides in the East Asian Marginal Seas: An Overview

Wei

Pan

et al. 2022

JMSE

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“…Yu et al 10.3389/fmars.2022.1075938 method to assimilate the measured data, including satellite altimetry data and tide observations. Furthermore, it was recently used for the hydrographic study in the YS (Bi et al, 2021;Lin et al, 2021;Sun et al, 2022). The M 2 tide is the most dominant tidal component in the SYS, having stronger tidal current (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Satellite Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

An offshore subsurface thermal structure inversion method by coupling ensemble learning and tide model for the South Yellow Sea

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The South Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (SYSCWM), which occurs in the South Yellow Sea (SYS) during summer, significantly impacts the hydrological characteristics and marine ecosystems but lacks fine interior data. With satellite observations, significant achievements have been made in reconstructing high-resolution ocean subsurface thermohaline structure based on machine learning. However, the accuracy of offshore subsurface parameter estimation will be affected due to the macro-tidal environment and fewer in situ observations. In this paper, we coupled the TPXO tide model and Light Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm to develop an inversion model of offshore subsurface thermal structure for the SYS using sea surface data and in situ observations. After light modelling, the subsurface temperature structure in the SYS is retrieved from sea surface parameters with a spatial resolution of 0.25° at depths of 0-55 m. Observation-based dataset (ARMOR3D) and in situ observations are used for model evaluation. According to the validation of the mooring buoy observations, the overall coefficient of determination (R2), which determines the percentage of variance in the dependent variable that can be explained by the independent variable, is more than 0.95. Furthermore, the R2 is improved by 12% due to coupling tide model below the thermocline during the maturity stage of SYSCWM, which is helpful for a better reconstruction of SYSCWM. Comparing with the cruise data, the average R2 of the proposed model is 0.927 which is slightly better than the accuracy of the observation-based ARMOR3D dataset. Since the R2 exceeds 0.8 in the most area of 121°E~123.5°E, 33°N~36°N, the reconstruction is reliable in this area. The method provides a new explorable direction for reconstructing the ocean thermal structure in offshore areas.

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On Characteristics and Mixing Effects of Internal Solitary Waves in the Northern Yellow Sea as Revealed by Satellite and In Situ Observations

Yang

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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This study examines the characteristics, statistics, and mixing effects of internal solitary waves (ISWs) observed in the northern Yellow Sea (YS) during the summers of 2018 and 2019. The mooring stations are located between offshore islands with rough topographic features. Throughout the observation period, the ISWs with vertical displacements of up to 10 m induced prevailing high–frequency (3–10 min period) temperature variations. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images showed that the observed ISWs propagate in zonal directions generated around the islands where internal–tide–generating body force is strong. The estimated ISW propagation speed ranges from 0.16 to 0.25 m s−1, which agrees with the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) model. The ISW intensity exhibits a clear spring–neap cycle corresponding to the local tidal forcing. The constant occurrence of ISWs at low tide suggests an important generation site where the ISWs are tidally generated. The ray–tracing result indicates that this generation site appears to be located at a strait between Dahao and Xiaohao islands. A generalized KdV model successively reproduces the propagation process from the generation site to the mooring station. Following the passage of ISWs, microstructure profiling observations reveal a high turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (10−6 W kg−1). The prevalence of ISWs in the study area is believed to play a crucial role in regulating vertical heat and nutrient transport, thereby modulating the biogeochemical cycle.

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Summertime M2 Internal Tides in the Northern Yellow Sea

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Development History of the Numerical Simulation of Tides in the East Asian Marginal Seas: An Overview

Development History of the Numerical Simulation of Tides in the East Asian Marginal Seas: An Overview

An offshore subsurface thermal structure inversion method by coupling ensemble learning and tide model for the South Yellow Sea

On Characteristics and Mixing Effects of Internal Solitary Waves in the Northern Yellow Sea as Revealed by Satellite and In Situ Observations

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