Summer Weight Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children With Obesity: An Observational Study in Head Start

Beckerman-Hsu, Jacob P; Aftosmes‐Tobio, Alyssa; Lansburg, Kindra; Leonard, Jessie; Torrico, Merieka; Kenney, Erica L.; Subramanian, S. V.; Haneuse, Sebastien; Davison, Kirsten K.

doi:10.5888/pcd18.200532

Prev. Chronic Dis.

2021

DOI: 10.5888/pcd18.200532

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Summer Weight Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children With Obesity: An Observational Study in Head Start

Jacob P Beckerman-Hsu

Alyssa Aftosmes‐Tobio

Kindra Lansburg

et al.

Abstract: School-aged children gain weight most rapidly in summer, but few studies have investigated summer weight gain among preschool-aged children. We fit continuous linear spline mixed models to test for accelerated summer weight gain among 2,044 children attending 16 Boston-area Head Start programs between fall 2016 and spring 2019. Academic year and summer rates of change in modified body mass index z-score differed ( P < .001), with accelerated summer weight gain most pronounced among child… Show more

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2024

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Differences in elementary-age children’s accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study

Beets,

Burkart,

Pfledderer

et al. 2024

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background Among elementary-aged children (5-12yrs), summer vacation is associated with accelerated gains in Body Mass Index (BMI). A key behavioral driver of BMI gain is a lack of physical activity (PA). Previous studies indicate PA decreases during summer, compared to the school year but whether this difference is consistent among boys and girls, across age, and by income status remains unclear. This study examined differences in school and summer movement behaviors in a diverse cohort of children across three years. Methods Children (N = 1,203, age range 5–14 years, 48% girls) wore wrist-placed accelerometers for a 14-day wear-period during school (April/May) and summer (July) in 2021 to 2023, for a total of 6 timepoints. Mixed-effects models examined changes in school vs. summer movement behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], sedentary) for boys and girls, separately, and by age and household income groups (low, middle, and upper based on income-to-poverty ratio). Results Children provided a total of 35,435 valid days of accelerometry. Overall, boys (+ 9.1 min/day, 95CI 8.1 to 10.2) and girls (+ 6.2 min/day, 95CI 5.4 to 7.0) accumulated more MVPA during school compared to summer. Boys accumulated less time sedentary (-9.9 min/day, 95CI -13.0 to -6.9) during school, while there was no difference in sedentary time (-2.7 min/day, 95CI -5.7 to 0.4) for girls. Different patterns emerged across ages and income groups. Accumulation of MVPA was consistently greater during school compared to summer across ages and income groups. Generally, the difference between school and summer widened with increasing age, except for girls from middle-income households. Accumulation of sedentary time was higher during school for younger children (5-9yrs), whereas for older children (10-14yrs), sedentary time was greater during summer for the middle- and upper-income groups. For boys from low-income households and girls from middle-income households, sedentary time was consistently greater during summer compared to school across ages. Conclusions Children are less active and more sedentary during summer compared to school, which may contribute to accelerated BMI gain. However, this differs by biological sex, age, and income. These findings highlight the complex factors influencing movement behaviors between school and summer.

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Differences in elementary-age children’s accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study

Beets,

Burkart,

Pfledderer

et al. 2024

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Summer Weight Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children With Obesity: An Observational Study in Head Start

Cited by 1 publication

References 11 publications

Differences in elementary-age children’s accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study

Differences in elementary-age children’s accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study

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