Summer Climate Variability in Taiwan and Associated Large-Scale Processes

Chen, Jau‐Ming; Lu, Fang-Chuan; Kuo, S.C.; Shih, Ching-Feng

doi:10.2151/jmsj.83.499

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Regardless of statistical significance, composite anomalies tend to be uniform in sign over the entire island in the EN-w, EN-d and LN-d types. The island-wide pattern suggests possible role of the large-scale background ocean-atmosphere processes in controlling climate variability in Taiwan (e.g., Hsu and Chen 2002;Chen et al 2005). …”

Section: The Enso-spring Rainfall Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Chen

Shih³

2008

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Spring rainfall in Taiwan can be either enhanced or suppressed by an El Niño event, revealing an asymmetric relationship. This observational study aims at examining this asymmetric relationship and associated large-scale dynamic processes. Analysis results disclose four major El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-spring rainfall relationship types during 1950-2003: El Niño-anomalous wet (EN-w) type, La Niña-anomalous dry (LN-d) type, El Niño-anomalous dry (EN-d) type, and La Niña-anomalous wet (LN-w) type. The EN-w and LN-d (EN-d and LN-w) types exhibit a positive (negative) correlation between the spring rainfall anomaly and the ENSO-related sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA). The overall ENSO-spring rainfall relationship is dominated by the positive correlation.The cause of the asymmetric ENSO impacts between the positive-and negative-correlation groups is attributed to a connection between ENSO and the Indian Ocean (IO) SSTA and associated large-scale atmospheric circulation. The positive-correlation types tend to concur with an evident ENSO-IO connection, featuring significant in-phase SSTA centers in the tropical eastern Pacific and eastern IO. During the El Niño (La Niña) event, these SST anomalies force a descending (ascending) branch over the western Pacific and help initiate and maintain a lower-level anticyclone (cyclone) anomaly in the Philippine Sea (southeast of Taiwan). Flows west of this anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) enhance (suppress) moisture transport from the South China Sea into Taiwan, resulting in increased (decreased) spring rainfall. For the negative-correlation types, the ENSO-IO connection tends to be weak or broken. The significant SSTA appears only in the tropical eastern Pacific, which induces a major vertical motion branch over the maritime continent. As a result, an anomalous lower-level anticyclone (cyclone) occurs over the Asian continent (west of Taiwan) during the El Niño (La Niña) event. Flows east of this anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) weaken (strengthen) moisture transport from the South China Sea into Taiwan, leading to suppressed (enhanced) spring rainfall.It is also noted that the variability of the Pacific subtropical high (PSH) over the western Pacific is closely linked to these four relationship types. The EN-d (LN-w) type concurs with a moderate westward expansion (eastward retreat) in the western-Pacific sector, while the EN-w (LN-d) type is concurrent with a southward (great eastward) displacement.

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Section: The Enso-spring Rainfall Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Chen

Shih³

2008

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…In the WNP, the location of TC genesis can be modulated by environmental factors such as vertical wind shear, sea surface temperature (SST), and the strength and location of the Pacific subtropical high and monsoon trough (e.g., Chia and Ropelewski 2002;Huang et al 2011;Tippett et al 2011;Li and Zhou 2013). The appearance of an anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the WNP causes vertical wind shear enhancement and thus suppresses TC genesis (e.g., Chen et al 2005). On the other hand, monsoon trough enhancement provides a favorable environment for the formation and growth of TCs (e.g., Ko and Hsu 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatological analysis of passage-type tropical cyclones from the Western North Pacific into the South China Sea

Chen¹,

Tan²,

Wu³

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…In fact, decadal time series of fall temperature at the 14 Taiwan stations all exhibit an evident decadal oscillation (not shown). Island-wide climate features of Taiwan are generally in close relation to the large-scale background variations (e.g., Hsu and Chen 2002;Chen et al 2005), in particular to the low-level circulation anomalies (e.g., Chen 1994;Jiang et al 2003;Hung et al 2004). The possible regulating processes for this decadal oscillation are thus searched from the large-scale anomalies of ocean and the low-level atmosphere.…”

Section: Decadal Variability Of Fall Temperature In Taiwanmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…One marked climate feature in this region is the prominent variability of the large-scale monsoon-El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system (e.g., Li and Yanai 1996;Zhang et al 1997a;Chang et al 2000a, b;Chou et al 2003;Lau et al 2004). Climate in Taiwan is affected by this large-scale system to exhibit interannual variability, such as in rainfall during spring (e.g., Jiang et al 2003), the Mei-yu season (e.g., Chen 1994;Lu 1998), and summer (e.g., Chen et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal Oscillation of Fall Temperature in Taiwan

Chen¹,

Lu²,

Shih³

2008

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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This study verifies the existence of an evident decadal oscillation in fall (September -November) temperature for Taiwan. It has an island-wide spatial pattern and a central frequency of 11 years. A corresponding decadal-oscillation mode of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) is found to be largely responsible for inducing the decadal temperature oscillation for Taiwan via the following regulating processes. On a decadal timescale, periods of decadal warming in Taiwan concur with major cold anomalies in tropical SST over the eastern Indian Ocean and the central Pacific. These cold SST anomalies modulate tropical Walker circulation so as to produce anomalous descending centers in their regions. Meanwhile, the complementary anomalous ascending motion and anomalous low-level convergence center occur near the Maritime continent. These anomalous ascending and descending centers act as tropical forcing sources to evoke a low-level Rossby-wave-like circulation anomaly in the Asian-Pacific regions. Taiwan is surrounded by a low-level anomalous high to its east and an anomalous low to its west. These circulations induce anomalous flows from the south to warm Taiwan via anomalous warm advection. The above regulating processes reverse in polarity during periods of decadal cooling in Taiwan.

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Summer Climate Variability in Taiwan and Associated Large-Scale Processes

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Climatological analysis of passage-type tropical cyclones from the Western North Pacific into the South China Sea

Decadal Oscillation of Fall Temperature in Taiwan

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