Summer 2018: African swine fever virus hits north‐western Europe

Lindén, Annick; Licoppe, Alain; Volpe, Rosario; Paternostre, Julien; Lesenfants, Christophe; Cassart, Dominique; Garigliany, Mutien-Marie; Tignon, Marylène; Berg, Thierry van den; Desmecht, Daniël; Cay, Ann Brigitte

doi:10.1111/tbed.13047

Cited by 76 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…At the beginning of September 2018, the virus was detected in a wild boar population in southern Belgium, more than 1,000 km west of the nearest foci in the Czech Republic (Linden et al, ). At the time of writing (on June 20, 2019), 823 wild boar carcasses had proved ASFV‐positive.…”

Section: The Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then on, 37 genomic sequences from different origin and virulence have been deposited in GenBank (Table ). In this paper, we reveal the complete genomic sequence of the most recently emerged strain, ASFV/Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018 (Linden et al, ).…”

Section: The Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On September 10–12, forest officers found 4 dead and 1 dying wild boars located close to each other in the Bois de Buzenol , the index location of the Belgian outbreak. On September 13th, spleen or long bone samples of these animals proved positive for the genome of the African swine fever virus by qPCR (Linden et al, ). A first genetic characterization was performed by using standard genotyping procedure on viral DNA directly extracted from the homogenized kidney (found‐dead adult sow) or spleen (dying piglet).…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Newly emerged African swine fever virus strain Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018: Complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis with reference p72 genotype II strains

Gilliaux

Garigliany

Licoppe

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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In a new example of pathogens hopscotching the globe, African swine fever virus hit north‐western Europe's wildlife in summer 2018, marking a further spread of a disease that had invaded Central and Eastern Europe recently. The complete genomic sequence of the Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018 virus is reported, with the hope it will provide a valuable tool for tracing geographical spread and biologic evolution of the virus.

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Section: The Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Newly emerged African swine fever virus strain Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018: Complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis with reference p72 genotype II strains

Gilliaux

Garigliany

Licoppe

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…After its spread from eastern Africa to Georgia in 2007, ASF has become more prevalent in the Caucasus region, further spread in Russian Federation, and then progressively affected the eastern Europe, including Ukraine (2012), Belarus (2013), Lithuania (2014), Estonia (2014), Poland (2014), Latvia (2014), Romania (2017), the Czech Republic (2017) and Hungary (2018). In 2018, ASF spread into China (Ge et al., ) and Belgium (Linden et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of African swine fever in wild boar, China, 2018

Ren

Wang

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Despite almost 100 years of intensive research and the occurrence on four continents (6), neither a vaccine nor any treatment are available. Therefore, the introduction of ASFV into the wild boar populations of eastern Europe in 2007 has led to an unprecedented epidemiological situation that culminated in the introduction of ASFV into western Europe and Asia (7)(8)(9). Especially in China, the largest producer of pork in the world, extreme socio-economic consequences can be observed, impacting not only Asia, but affecting the global agriculture and food industry and shifting entire markets (3,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African swine fever virus-like integrated elements in a soft tick genome – an ancient virus vector arms race?

Forth

Lycett

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the only known DNA-arbovirus and a most devastating suid pathogen that, originating from a sylvatic cycle in Africa, has spread to eastern Europe and recently reached western Europe and Asia, leading to a socio-economic crisis of global proportion.However, since neither closely related viruses nor integrated viral elements have yet been identified, ASFV evolution remains a mystery.Results: Here, we show that soft ticks of the Ornithodoros moubata group, the natural arthropod vector of ASFV, harbour African swine fever virus-like integrated (ASFLI)-elements corresponding to up to 10% (over 20 kb) of the ASFV genome. Through orthologous dating and molecular clock analyses, we provide data suggesting that integration occurred over 1.47 million years ago. Furthermore, our data indicate that these elements, showing high sequence identities to modern ASFV, are maintained in the tick genome to protect the tick from infection with specific ASFV-strains through RNA interference. Conclusion:We suggest that this mechanism of protection, shaped through many years of coevolution, is part of an evolutionary virus-vector "arms race", a finding that has not only high impact on our understanding of the co-evolution of viruses with their hosts but also provides a glimpse into the evolution of ASFV.

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Summer 2018: African swine fever virus hits north‐western Europe

Cited by 76 publications

References 1 publication

Newly emerged African swine fever virus strain Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018: Complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis with reference p72 genotype II strains

Newly emerged African swine fever virus strain Belgium/Etalle/wb/2018: Complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis with reference p72 genotype II strains

Infection of African swine fever in wild boar, China, 2018

African swine fever virus-like integrated elements in a soft tick genome – an ancient virus vector arms race?

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