Summary of the Preliminary Optical ICHMI Design Study: A Preliminary Engineering Design Study for a Standpipe Viewport

Abstract

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Active Brazing for Energy Devices Sealing

“…Anheier et al [88] considered the approach of using interlayers to the active brazing of sapphire viewports in advanced small modular reactors. Optical-based measurement and sensing systems offer significant advantages over traditional instrumentation and control systems employed for monitoring various reactor process parameters, including temperature, flow rate, pressure, and coolant chemistry.…”

“…Prefabricated brazed sapphire viewports are readily available and generally capable of withstanding operating temperatures up to 450 • C and pressures reaching tens of MPa [88]. However, achieving a CTE closely aligned with that of sapphire within the metal viewport flange is essential to ensure the brazed joint can endure complete temperature cycling without failure.…”

“…Consequently, connecting viewport windows directly to a metal steel flange through brazing is a rarity. Instead, an intermediary transition metal sleeve, with a closely matched CTE, is brazed onto the sapphire and subsequently laser-or electron-beam welded to the stainless-steel flange [88]. In such cases, brazing alloys based on silver or silver-copper compositions can be employed.…”