Summary of the Monograph of F. I. Samedova “The Application of Supercritical Fluids in Petroleum and Oil Fractions Refining”

Abstract

In the monograph of F. I. Samedova "The application of supercritical fluids in petroleum refining and oil fractions" (Baku, 2014) the results of the use of supercritical fluids in petroleum refining and petroleum products are presented. The investigations were made under the guidance of the corresponding member of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, professor F. I. Samedova and representatives of the scientific school she has established: Doctor of Technical Sciences R. Z. Gasanova, Ph.D. A. M. Kasumova, Ph.D. S. Y. Rashidova and N. F. Kafarova, as well as with representatives of the spectral laboratory Ph.D. A. D. Kuliyev and Ph.D. B. M. Aliyev. Scientific editors of the monograph are academics M. I. Rustamov and V. M. Abbasov. The recent advances in term of the possible applications of supercritical extraction processes in the field of oil refining and oil fractions are shown. The analysis of the economic efficiency of supercritical extraction processes using SC CO2 is carried out. The scheme of the pilot plant at the Experimental Plant of the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (IPCP of ANAS) is described. The monograph [1] is intended for researchers, graduate students, engineers and graduate students engaged in the development and introduction of new energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies for oil refining and oil fractions. In order to find the ways to create energy-efficient, environmentally-friendly technologies in 1970 the use of supercritical fluids as solvents in cleaning processes, extraction, separation and fractionation are proposed. This approach can lead to the creation of environmentally friendly processes in the food, perfumery, pharmaceutical, oil, coal processing industry and in the field of polymer processing. Considering the need of creation of environmentally friendly and energy-saving technologies in the oil refining industries, in 2000 IPCP of ANAS began the research on the intensification of processes used in the oil industry-oil refining and heavy fractions of water, salts and solids, high molecular heteroatom-F. I. Samedova et al. 18 ic compounds: resinous-asphaltene substances including the metals using a supercritical fluid. The monograph highlights the results of studies on the use of supercritical fluid SC CO2 emissions from petroleum refining and oil fractions with a view to their intensification and ecological rehabilitation of the environment.

Current status and prospects of demetallization of heavy petroleum feedstock (Review)

“…Thus, research and development works on various modifications of desali nation processes aimed to increase the recovery of metals [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] are of great current importance.…”

“…6 2015 Samedova et al [34][35][36] showed the feasibility of desalting, dewatering, deasphalting, and demetalliz ing of crude oils and their heavy residues using super critical carbon dioxide (SC CO 2 ) as a solvent (extract ing agent). A new oil cleaning technology to remove water, salts, solids, and metals using SC CO 2 was implemented on a pilot unit at the pilot plant of the Institute of Petrochemical Processes, National Acad emy of Sciences of Azerbaijan.…”

“…Preliminary technoeconomic calculations showed that the energy demands of the process of oil extraction under supercritical СО 2 con ditions are well below those of the currently used pro cesses. The economic effect of the processing of 6.0 million tons of oil could reach $25 million per year [36].…”

“…Owing to high volatility, the solvent is easy to recover from the extract solution simply by pressure release. Supercritical CO 2 is an effective solvent for deasphalting and demetallizing of heavy petroleum feedstock, which makes it possible to reduce the solvent/feedstock ratio and the solvent regeneration cost, increase the yield of deasphalted oil, and ensure a high degree of removal of asphaltenes and metals from DAO, thereby eliminating the disad vantages of the existing SDA processes that use light hydrocarbon solvents [34]. The polarity, dissolving power, and selectivity of SC CO 2 towards certain groups of feedstock compounds can be controlled by adding small amounts of modifiers to the solvent [61].…”

Technological Typomorphic Associations in Caustobiolites and Methods of Their Extraction

“…Apart from coal and hydrogen, this oil contains a wide range of different chemical elements, including various metals (vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), etc.) [6][7][8][9][10][11]. For example, each ton of heavy oil of Athabasca oil sands (Canada) contains 250 g of vanadium, 100 g of nickel [8].…”