Summary of the first round analyses of the Second International Swine CD Workshop

Advances in swine immunology help move vaccine technology forward

“…In swine, recent completion of the porcine genome is likely to stimulate a wave of research and publications that build on previous work to greatly expand our molecular and genetic understanding of porcine immunology, and provide a critical framework for new tool development (Dawson et al, 2013; Groenen et al, 2012; Haverson et al, 2001; Lunney et al, 1994; Saalmuller et al, 1998). Purified protein and antibody reagents are increasingly available to elucidate immune developmental and regulatory pathways in animal species, as are molecular tools and sequence data for characterization of humoral and cellular immune effector functions (Butler, 1998; Butler et al, 2006; Butler et al, 2001; Butler et al, 2009; Butler et al, 2004; Eguchi-Ogawa et al, 2009; Eguchi-Ogawa et al, 2012; Eguchi-Ogawa et al, 2010; Honma et al, 2003; Schwartz et al, 2012a, b; Sinkora et al, 2002; Uenishi et al, 2009).…”

The Veterinary Immunological Toolbox: Past, Present, and Future

“…The expansion of the toolboxes has revealed substantial differences in the ways that humans, mice and veterinary species respond to disease and highlighted to need for studying different species in their own right ( 14 , 15 ). There have been coordinated efforts to evaluate species cross-reactivity of anti-human CD antigen mAbs through the animal homologs section of the human leukocyte differentiation antigen (HLDA) workshops: for horses ( 16 ), dogs ( 17 ), pigs ( 18 ), and ruminants ( 19 ).…”

“…While short-term funding initiatives can address specific gaps in capability, they do not account for long-term sustainability of reagents and databases that requires a different funding model. We review the past, present and future of the veterinary immunological toolbox with specific reference to recent developments discussed at the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) Veterinary Immunology Committee (VIC) Immune Toolkit Workshop at the 12th International Veterinary Immunology Symposium (IVIS) in Seattle, USA, [16][17][18][19] August 2019. The future availability of these reagents is critical to research for improving animal health, responses to infectious pathogens and vaccine design as well as for important analyses of zoonotic pathogens and the animal /human interface for One Health initiatives.…”

Genomic organization and assignment of the interleukin 7 gene (IL7) to porcine chromosome 4q11→q13 by FISH and by analysis of radiation hybrid panels

“…Although understanding the pig immune system is essential if such roles are to become real possibilities, the pig immune system has not been well studied so far. In particular, the numerous cytokines and cell surface markers of pig lympho-cytes that play crucial roles in differentiation have not been well characterized (Murtaugh, 1994;Saalmuller et al, 1998). It is also of interest to discover how individual immune-signaling factors have acquired their functions during the evolution of animal species (Davis and Hamilton, 1998).…”